Open Access

Exploiting novel valve interstitial cell lines to study calcific aortic valve disease

  • Authors:
    • Hiu‑Gwen Tsang
    • Lin Cui
    • Colin Farquharson
    • Brendan M. Corcoran
    • Kim M. Summers
    • Vicky E. Macrae
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 27, 2017     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.8163
  • Pages: 2100-2106
  • Copyright: © Tsang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) involves progressive valve leaflet thickening and severe calcification, impairing leaflet motion. The in vitro calcification of primary rat, human, porcine and bovine aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) is commonly employed to investigate CAVD mechanisms. However, to date, no published studies have utilised cell lines to investigate this process. The present study has therefore generated and evaluated the calcification potential of immortalized cell lines derived from sheep and rat VICs. Immortalised sheep (SAVIC) and rat (RAVIC) cell lines were produced by transduction with a recombinant lentivirus encoding the Simian virus (SV40) large and small T antigens (sheep), or large T antigen only (rat), which expressed markers of VICs (vimentin and α‑smooth muscle actin). Calcification was induced in the presence of calcium (Ca; 2.7 mM) in SAVICs (1.9 fold; P<0.001) and RAVICs (4.6 fold; P<0.01). Furthermore, a synergistic effect of calcium and phosphate was observed (2.7 mM Ca/2.0 mM Pi) on VIC calcification in the two cell lines (P<0.001). Analysis of SAVICs revealed significant increases in the mRNA expression of two key genes associated with vascular calcification in cells cultured under calcifying conditions, runt related transcription factor‑2 (RUNX2;1.3 fold; P<0.05 in 4.5 mM Ca) and sodium‑dependent phosphate transporter‑1 (PiT1; 1.2 fold; P<0.05 in 5.4 mM Ca). A concomitant decrease in the expression of the calcification inhibitor matrix Gla protein (MGP) was noted at 3.6 mM Ca (1.3 fold; P<0.01). Assessment of RAVICs revealed alterations in Runx2, Pit1 and Mgp mRNA expression levels (P<0.01). Furthermore, a significant reduction in calcification was observed in SAVICs following treatment with established calcification inhibitors, pyrophosphate (1.8 fold; P<0.01) and etidronate (3.2 fold; P<0.01). Overall, the present study demonstrated that the use of immortalised sheep and rat VIC cell lines is a convenient and cost effective system to investigate CAVD in vitro, and will make a useful contribution to increasing current understanding of the pathophysiological process.
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February-2018
Volume 17 Issue 2

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Spandidos Publications style
Tsang HG, Cui L, Farquharson C, Corcoran BM, Summers KM and Macrae VE: Exploiting novel valve interstitial cell lines to study calcific aortic valve disease. Mol Med Rep 17: 2100-2106, 2018
APA
Tsang, H., Cui, L., Farquharson, C., Corcoran, B.M., Summers, K.M., & Macrae, V.E. (2018). Exploiting novel valve interstitial cell lines to study calcific aortic valve disease. Molecular Medicine Reports, 17, 2100-2106. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.8163
MLA
Tsang, H., Cui, L., Farquharson, C., Corcoran, B. M., Summers, K. M., Macrae, V. E."Exploiting novel valve interstitial cell lines to study calcific aortic valve disease". Molecular Medicine Reports 17.2 (2018): 2100-2106.
Chicago
Tsang, H., Cui, L., Farquharson, C., Corcoran, B. M., Summers, K. M., Macrae, V. E."Exploiting novel valve interstitial cell lines to study calcific aortic valve disease". Molecular Medicine Reports 17, no. 2 (2018): 2100-2106. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.8163