Open Access

From inflammation to gastric cancer: Role of Helicobacter pylori (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xiao-Ying Zhang
    • Pei-Ying Zhang
    • Mourad A.M. Aboul-Soud
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 15, 2016     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5506
  • Pages: 543-548
  • Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease and a leading cause of mortality and the risk factors for this include environmental factors and factors that influence host-pathogen interaction and complex interplay between these factors. Gastric adenocarcinomas are of two types, namely intestinal and diffuse type, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been suspected of being causally linked to the initiation of chronic active gastritis, which leads to adenocarcinoma of the intestinal type. Even though most individuals with H. pylori infection do not show any clinical symptoms, long‑term infection leads to inflammation of gastric epithelium and approximately 10% of infected patients develop peptic ulcers and 1-3% of patients develop gastric adenocarcinoma. Among the several mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis, CagA and peptidoglycan of H. pylori, which enter the infected gastric epithelial cells play an important role by triggering oncogenic pathways. Inflammation induced by H. pylori in gastric epithelium, which involves the cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway and IL-1β, is also an important factor that triggers chronic active gastritis and adenocarcinoma. H. pylori infection induced oxidative stress and dysregulated E-cadherin/β-catenin/p120 interactions and function also play a critical role in tumorigenesis. Environmental and dietary factors, in particular salt intake, are known to modify the pathogenesis induced by H. pylori. Gastric cancer induced by H. pylori appears to involve several mechanisms, making this mode of tumorigenesis a highly complicated process. Nevertheless, there are many events in this tumorigenesis that remain to be clarified and investigated.
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February-2017
Volume 13 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang X, Zhang P and Aboul-Soud MA: From inflammation to gastric cancer: Role of Helicobacter pylori (Review). Oncol Lett 13: 543-548, 2017
APA
Zhang, X., Zhang, P., & Aboul-Soud, M.A. (2017). From inflammation to gastric cancer: Role of Helicobacter pylori (Review). Oncology Letters, 13, 543-548. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5506
MLA
Zhang, X., Zhang, P., Aboul-Soud, M. A."From inflammation to gastric cancer: Role of Helicobacter pylori (Review)". Oncology Letters 13.2 (2017): 543-548.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Zhang, P., Aboul-Soud, M. A."From inflammation to gastric cancer: Role of Helicobacter pylori (Review)". Oncology Letters 13, no. 2 (2017): 543-548. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5506