Squamous cell carcinoma arising from chronic osteomyelitis of the femur: A case report

Jiang,Nan; Yang,Yu-Sheng; Lin,Qing-Rong; Hu,Yan-Jun; Yu,Bin

doi:10.3892/br.2024.1759

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from chronic osteomyelitis of the femur: A case report

Authors:
- Nan Jiang
- Yu-Sheng Yang
- Qing-Rong Lin
- Yan-Jun Hu
- Bin Yu
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Affiliations: Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
Published online on: March 6, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1759
Article Number: 71
Copyright: © Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Although chronic osteomyelitis (COM) affecting the extremities is a frequently occurring disease, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from COM is rare. Consequently, understanding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of such a disorder remains limited. In the present study, a case of COM‑associated SCC was demonstrated. A 65‑year‑old woman arrived to the Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital (Guangzhou, China) with multiple sinus tracts and skin ulcers in the distal part of her left thigh, persisting for over 50 years following an open pierce injury by an ox horn. A local biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of COM‑related SCC. Although limb amputation was recommended, the female patient declined initially. Instead, the female patient underwent focused debridement and wide resection of the tumor, followed by local implantation of calcium sulfate beads loaded with vancomycin and gentamycin, and application of a rail fixator. A total of 10 months later, the cancer recurred, affecting the osseous tissue. Subsequently, the patient underwent amputation of the thigh. At the one‑year follow‑up, the patient showed satisfactory recovery without signs of local recurrence. Despite its rarity, the severity of this disorder should not be underestimated. Personalized treatment strategies must be tailored to individual circumstances.

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