Clinical improvement following therapy for periodontitis: Association with a decrease in IL‑1 and IL‑6

Reis,Cátia; da Costa,Alexandra  Viana; Guimarães,João  Tiago; Tuna,Diana; Braga,Ana  Cristina; Pacheco,José  Julio; Arosa,Fernando  A.; Salazar,Filomena; Cardoso,Elsa  Maria

doi:10.3892/etm.2014.1724

Clinical improvement following therapy for periodontitis: Association with a decrease in IL‑1 and IL‑6

Authors:
- Cátia Reis
- Alexandra Viana da Costa
- João Tiago Guimarães
- Diana Tuna
- Ana Cristina Braga
- José Julio Pacheco
- Fernando A. Arosa
- Filomena Salazar
- Elsa Maria Cardoso
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Affiliations: CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra PRD 4585‑116, Portugal, CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra PRD 4585‑116, Portugal, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de São João, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal, Algoritmi Centre, Department of Production and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710‑057, Portugal, Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã 6200‑506, Portugal
Published online on: May 19, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2014.1724
Pages: 323-327

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Abstract

Although a number of inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be associated with periodontal pathogenesis, it is important to investigate further whether these biomarkers are associated with the degree of success in nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to quantify the total levels of interleukin (IL)‑1α, ‑1β, ‑6, ‑10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‑α in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients prior to and following nonsurgical periodontal therapy. In total, 52 GCF samples from disease sites of patients with chronic periodontitis, prior to and following periodontal therapy, and ten non‑disease sites from non‑periodontitis subjects, were collected and cytokine concentrations were determined using a multiplex method. Periodontal parameters, including bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and the clinical attachment level, in all the sites were recorded. Untreated disease sites exhibited higher cytokine levels in the GCF when compared with the non‑disease sites. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the total levels of IL‑1α, ‑1β and ‑6 in the GCF, but not in IL‑10 or TNF‑α. The results support the hypothesis that proinflammatory cytokines, including IL‑1α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and are good markers to evaluate the success of nonsurgical therapy in disease sites of patients with periodontitis.

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