Anti‑inflammatory effects of Daehwangmokdantang, a traditional herbal formulation, in lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages
- Authors:
- Moon Hee Lee
- Su Hyun Hong
- Cheol Park
- Min‑Ho Han
- Sung Ok Kim
- Sang Hoon Hong
- Gi‑Young Kim
- Yung Hyun Choi
-
View Affiliations
Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614‑052, Republic of Korea, Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University, Busan 614‑714, Republic of Korea, Natural Products Research Team, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 325‑902, Republic of Korea, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Kyungsung University, Busan 608‑736, Republic of Korea, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 614‑052, Republic of Korea, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690‑756, Republic of Korea
- Published online on: October 12, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5296
-
Pages:
5809-5816
-
Copyright: © Lee
et al. This
is an open access article distributed under the
terms of Creative
Commons Attribution License.
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Abstract
Daehwangmokdantang (DHMDT) is a traditional polyherbal formulation that has known antidiarrheal and anti‑inflammatory activities. However, the underlying mechanisms of these activities are poorly understood. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of DHMDT on the production of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages were investigated. The inhibitory effects of DHMDT on LPS‑induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)E2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α and interleukin (IL)‑1β production were examined using Griess reagent and ELISA detection kits. The effects of DHMDT on the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2, IL‑1β and TNF‑α, and their upstream signal proteins, including nuclear factor (NF)‑κB, mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and RAC‑α serine/threonine‑protein kinase (Akt), a phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K) downstream effector, were investigated using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The results revealed the pretreatment with DHMDT significantly inhibited the LPS‑induced production of NO, PGE2, TNF‑α, and IL‑1β, and expression of iNOS, COX‑2 TNF‑α, and IL‑1β, without any significant cytotoxicity. DHMDT also efficiently prevented the translocation of the NF‑κB subunit p65 into the nucleus by interrupting the activation of the upstream mediator inhibitor of NF‑κB kinase α/β. Furthermore, the anti‑inflammatory effects of DHMDT were associated with the suppression of LPS‑induced phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that DHMDT exhibited anti‑inflammatory activity via the inhibition of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines, in which the inactivation of NF‑κB, PI3K/Akt, and MAPKs may be involved. These results suggest that DHMDT may be a potential anti‑inflammatory drug candidate.
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