Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

Georgescu,Simona   Roxana; Tampa,Mircea; Mitran,Madalina   Irina; Mitran,Cristina   Iulia; Sarbu,Maria Isabela; Nicolae,Ilinca; Matei,Clara; Caruntu,Constantin; Neagu,Monica; Popa,Mircea Ioan

doi:10.3892/etm.2018.6987

Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

Authors:
- Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Mircea Tampa
- Madalina Irina Mitran
- Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Maria Isabela Sarbu
- Ilinca Nicolae
- Clara Matei
- Constantin Caruntu
- Monica Neagu
- Mircea Ioan Popa
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Affiliations: Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Immunology, ‘Victor Babes’ National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
Published online on: November 16, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6987
Pages: 1045-1051

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Abstract

Lichen planus (LP) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease that particularly affects the skin and mucous membranes. Its etiology remains elusive, however some trigger factors, including viral or bacterial antigens, drugs and metals, have been postulated. There is a higher prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with LP, with some geographical variations. HCV is an enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family and in most instances causes chronic liver infections. It has been hypothesized that HCV may contribute to LP development, but the link between the two disorders is not fully understood. It is still debatable whether HCV leads to the occurrence of LP lesions directly by replication inside the infected cells or indirectly by activating immunological pathways. Molecular studies have revealed HCV RNA in specimens collected from patients with LP. The autoimmune theory was also suggested given that several studies have revealed viral replication and immune response activation associated with autoantibody synthesis. The aim of this review is to summarize the main potential mechanisms involved in the association between LP and HCV infection. Understanding the link between the two disorders may shed some light on the pathogenesis of LP, which is a challenging issue.

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