Unfavorable influence of prematurity on the neonatal prognostic of small for gestational age fetuses

Turcan,Natalia; Bohiltea,Roxana   Elena; Ionita‑Radu,Florentina; Furtunescu,Florentina; Navolan,Dan; Berceanu,Costin; Nemescu,Dragos; Cirstoiu,Monica   Mihaela

doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8744

Unfavorable influence of prematurity on the neonatal prognostic of small for gestational age fetuses

Authors:
- Natalia Turcan
- Roxana Elena Bohiltea
- Florentina Ionita‑Radu
- Florentina Furtunescu
- Dan Navolan
- Costin Berceanu
- Dragos Nemescu
- Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu
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Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Gastroenterology, Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Public Health and Management, Faculty of Medicine,‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050463 Bucharest, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Published online on: May 13, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.8744
Pages: 2415-2422
Copyright: © Turcan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Vascular stress at the level of the uterus‑placental unit, with chronic placental ischemia, results in intrauterine growth restriction. Expectation management can be used, when the situation allows, in cases of compensated intrauterine growth restriction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neonatal prognosis of preterm births with and without growth restriction and term births with growth restriction in order to improve decisional accuracy regarding the termination of pregnancy. The frequency of term birth infants with low birth weight for gestational age was ~2%. The male sex, predominated only in the group of premature infants with normal weight for the gestational age. The highest frequency of neonatal complications studied occurred in the group of preterm neonates small for gestational age (SGA) with statistical significance obtained for cardiovascular arrest acute respiratory failure, ulcer‑necrotic enterocolitis, respiratory distress, cerebral edema, intraventricular hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, neonatal infection, hypoglycemia, retinopathy, anemia, hemorrhagic disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, disease of hyaline membranes, neonatal sepsis, need for intensive neonatal therapy and death. In conclusion, immediate neonatal adaptation of SGA preterm neonates is more deficient than for preterm neonates with appropriate weight for gestational age; the adaptation of preterm neonates, in turn, is more deficient than term newborns with intrauterine growth restriction. The term newborns with intrauterine growth restriction have a neonatal adaptation comparable to that of the term newborns with weight corresponding to the gestational age.

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