Open Access

CGA ameliorates cognitive decline by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems in rats with multi-infarct dementia

  • Authors:
    • Ying Fu
    • Jiangping Wei
    • Bin Li
    • Lijuan Gao
    • Peng Xia
    • Yueqiang Wen
    • Shijun Xu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 9, 2020     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9198
  • Article Number: 70
  • Copyright: © Fu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Multi infarct dementia (MID) is a form of dementia that is preventable and treatable. However, at present, the drugs used in MID treatment were developed for Alzheimer's disease. While only a limited range of drugs is available, the incidence of MID is increasing year on year. The present study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of a combination of ginsenosides and astragalosides (CGA) on cognitive decline in rats with MID. A rat model of MID was established using micro‑thromboembolism, and the behavioral changes in the rats were evaluated using the Morris water maze and open field tests at 60 days post‑CGA intervention. The pathological morphology of the hippocampal CA1 area was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The contents of ATP, ADP and AMP were determined using high‑performance liquid chromatography. Mitochondrial swelling and changes in the membrane potential in the hippocampus were detected using flow cytometry, and the changes in insulin, glutamate and γ‑aminobutyric acid (GABA) content were detected using ELISA. Additionally, the expression of PI3K and AKT proteins was detected using western blot analysis. In a rat model of MID, CGA shortened the escape latency, increased the frequency of platform crossing, improved the disordered vertebral cell arrangement and reduced the cell number in the hippocampal CA1 area. CGA also reduced the degree of mitochondrial swelling, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and elevated the energy load and ATP content in the brain of rats with MID. Furthermore, CGA increased the insulin content and upregulated the expression of PI3K and AKT in the brain of rats with MID. In addition, in the rat model of MID, CGA also enhanced the movement time and the frequency of standing, and decreased the concentration of glutamate and GABA in the brain tissue. Amelioration of the cognitive decline in rats with MID by CGA was associated with its regulatory effect on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems.
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November-2020
Volume 20 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Fu Y, Wei J, Li B, Gao L, Xia P, Wen Y and Xu S: CGA ameliorates cognitive decline by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems in rats with multi-infarct dementia. Exp Ther Med 20: 70, 2020.
APA
Fu, Y., Wei, J., Li, B., Gao, L., Xia, P., Wen, Y., & Xu, S. (2020). CGA ameliorates cognitive decline by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems in rats with multi-infarct dementia. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 20, 70. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9198
MLA
Fu, Y., Wei, J., Li, B., Gao, L., Xia, P., Wen, Y., Xu, S."CGA ameliorates cognitive decline by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems in rats with multi-infarct dementia". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.5 (2020): 70.
Chicago
Fu, Y., Wei, J., Li, B., Gao, L., Xia, P., Wen, Y., Xu, S."CGA ameliorates cognitive decline by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems in rats with multi-infarct dementia". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20, no. 5 (2020): 70. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9198