Open Access

Novel immunological and genetic factors associated with vitiligo: A review

  • Authors:
    • Salvador Luis Said‑Fernandez
    • Celia Nohemi Sanchez‑Domínguez
    • Mauricio Andres Salinas‑Santander
    • Herminia Guadalupe Martinez‑Rodriguez
    • David Emmanuel Kubelis‑Lopez
    • Natalia Aranza Zapata‑Salazar
    • Osvaldo Tomas Vazquez‑Martinez
    • Uwe Wollina
    • Torello Lotti
    • Jorge Ocampo‑Candiani
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: February 1, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9743
  • Article Number: 312
  • Copyright: © Said‑Fernandez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by depigmentation of the skin due to a lack of melanin. This condition affects men and woman of all ages and its incidence is not restricted by ethnicity or region. Vitiligo is a multifactorial disease, in which melanocytes, which serve important functions in skin pigmentation and immune processes, are impaired. There is sufficient evidence that immunological and genetic factors are primarily responsible for the destruction and dysfunction of melanocytes. Therefore, genetic DNA sequence variants that participate in skin homeostasis, pigmentation and immune response regulation, as well as altered expression patterns, may contribute to the risk of developing vitiligo. The current review presented an overview of the mechanism of pigmentation and of currently known factors involved in depigmentation, as well as the classification, epidemiology, associated comorbidities, risk factors, immunopathogenesis and several genetic and molecular changes associated with vitiligo.
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April-2021
Volume 21 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Said‑Fernandez SL, Sanchez‑Domínguez CN, Salinas‑Santander MA, Martinez‑Rodriguez HG, Kubelis‑Lopez DE, Zapata‑Salazar NA, Vazquez‑Martinez OT, Wollina U, Lotti T, Ocampo‑Candiani J, Ocampo‑Candiani J, et al: Novel immunological and genetic factors associated with vitiligo: A review. Exp Ther Med 21: 312, 2021.
APA
Said‑Fernandez, S.L., Sanchez‑Domínguez, C.N., Salinas‑Santander, M.A., Martinez‑Rodriguez, H.G., Kubelis‑Lopez, D.E., Zapata‑Salazar, N.A. ... Ocampo‑Candiani, J. (2021). Novel immunological and genetic factors associated with vitiligo: A review. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 312. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9743
MLA
Said‑Fernandez, S. L., Sanchez‑Domínguez, C. N., Salinas‑Santander, M. A., Martinez‑Rodriguez, H. G., Kubelis‑Lopez, D. E., Zapata‑Salazar, N. A., Vazquez‑Martinez, O. T., Wollina, U., Lotti, T., Ocampo‑Candiani, J."Novel immunological and genetic factors associated with vitiligo: A review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.4 (2021): 312.
Chicago
Said‑Fernandez, S. L., Sanchez‑Domínguez, C. N., Salinas‑Santander, M. A., Martinez‑Rodriguez, H. G., Kubelis‑Lopez, D. E., Zapata‑Salazar, N. A., Vazquez‑Martinez, O. T., Wollina, U., Lotti, T., Ocampo‑Candiani, J."Novel immunological and genetic factors associated with vitiligo: A review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 4 (2021): 312. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9743