Open Access

Potential role of TREM2 in high cholesterol‑induced cell injury and metabolic dysfunction in SH‑SY5Y cells

  • Authors:
    • Qiang Zheng
    • Yinxiu Han
    • Min Fan
    • Xinran Gao
    • Mengdie Ma
    • Jingxian Xu
    • Sen Liu
    • Jinfang Ge
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 22, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11904
  • Article Number: 205
  • Copyright: © Zheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is an important member of the immunoglobulin family of inflammatory stimulating receptors and is involved in a number of pathophysiological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the role of TREM2 in neurotoxicity induced by high cholesterol levels in SH‑SY5Y cells and explore the potential mechanism. SH‑SY5Y cells were routinely cultured and stimulated with a range of cholesterol concentrations. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay, morphological changes were observed, and the cell cycle distribution was measured using flow cytometry. Lipid deposition was measured by Oil red O staining, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of SRBEP‑1 and SRBEP‑2 were detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Moreover, the protein expression levels of BDNF, Copine‑6, TREM1, TREM2, and key molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways were detected by western blotting. Finally, TREM2 was overexpressed to investigate its potential role in high cholesterol‑induced neurotoxicity. The results showed that cell viability was significantly decreased in SH‑SY5Y cells stimulated with cholesterol (0.1~100 µM) in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. Stimulation with 100 µM cholesterol for 24 h resulted in morphological injuries, increased the proportion of SH‑SY5Y cells at G0/G1, the degree of lipid accumulation, and the protein expression levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)1 and SREBP2, markedly decreased the protein expression levels of BDNF, Copine‑6, and TREM2, and the p‑β‑catenin/β‑catenin ratio, and increased the expression levels of nesfatin‑1, TREM1 and the p‑GSK3β/GSK3β ratio. Furthermore, the imbalanced expression of BDNF, Copine‑6, nesfatin‑1, and p‑GSK3β induced by high cholesterol levels was reversed after overexpression of TREM2. These results suggest that a high concentration of cholesterol could induce cell injury and lipid deposition in SH‑SY5Y cells and that the underlying mechanism may be associated with imbalanced TREM2 expression.
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May-2023
Volume 25 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Zheng Q, Han Y, Fan M, Gao X, Ma M, Xu J, Liu S and Ge J: Potential role of TREM2 in high cholesterol‑induced cell injury and metabolic dysfunction in SH‑SY5Y cells. Exp Ther Med 25: 205, 2023.
APA
Zheng, Q., Han, Y., Fan, M., Gao, X., Ma, M., Xu, J. ... Ge, J. (2023). Potential role of TREM2 in high cholesterol‑induced cell injury and metabolic dysfunction in SH‑SY5Y cells. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 25, 205. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11904
MLA
Zheng, Q., Han, Y., Fan, M., Gao, X., Ma, M., Xu, J., Liu, S., Ge, J."Potential role of TREM2 in high cholesterol‑induced cell injury and metabolic dysfunction in SH‑SY5Y cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25.5 (2023): 205.
Chicago
Zheng, Q., Han, Y., Fan, M., Gao, X., Ma, M., Xu, J., Liu, S., Ge, J."Potential role of TREM2 in high cholesterol‑induced cell injury and metabolic dysfunction in SH‑SY5Y cells". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 25, no. 5 (2023): 205. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2023.11904