Protective effects of gomisin A isolated from Schisandra chinensis against CCl4-induced hepatic and renal injury

Hwang,In  Sik; Kim,Jee  Eun; Lee,Yong  Ju; Kwak,Moon  Hwa; Choi,Young  Hwan; Kang,Byeong  Cheol; Hong,Jin  Tae; Hwang,Dae  Youn

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2013.1263

Protective effects of gomisin A isolated from Schisandra chinensis against CCl4-induced hepatic and renal injury

Authors:
- In Sik Hwang
- Jee Eun Kim
- Yong Ju Lee
- Moon Hwa Kwak
- Young Hwan Choi
- Byeong Cheol Kang
- Jin Tae Hong
- Dae Youn Hwang
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Affiliations: Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea, Department of Horticultural Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea, Department of Experimental Animal Research, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju 361-763, Republic of Korea
Published online on: January 31, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2013.1263
Pages: 888-898

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of gomisin A, a lignan compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis, against liver and kidney damage induced by CCl4 exposure. We assessed alterations in organ weights, levels of serum biochemical indicators, and activation of the caspase-3 and MAPK signaling pathways and carried out histological analysis of liver and kidney tissue in rats pretreated with gomisin A for four days. In the gomisin A/CCl4-treated group, only the liver experienced a significant increase in weight, whereas the other organs did not undergo any changes. Five biochemical indicators in serum indicated that liver and kidney toxicity dramatically decreased upon gomisin A pretreatment, although the decrease in ratios varied. Upon histological analysis, the gomisin A/CCl4-treated group showed less hepatocellular necrosis, a poorly dilated central vein in the liver section, decreased diameter of the glomerulus, a lower number of capillaries, and a convoluted tubule in the kidney section. Furthermore, the formation of active caspase-3 was inhibited by gomisin A pretreatment in the gomisin A/CCl4-treated group, whereas the expression level of Bax protein was slightly increased. Western blot analysis revealed that there were differences between the liver and kidney in terms of activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. In the liver, gomisin A pretreatment increased phosphorylation of three members of the MAPK pathway when compared to that in the vehicle pretreatment group. However, in the kidney, only the phosphorylation level of p38 was elevated upon gomisin A pretreatment, whereas levels of the other two members were decreased. These results suggest that gomisin A induces marked protective effects against hepatic and renal injury induced by CCl4 exposure through differential regulation of the MAPK signal transduction pathway.

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