Open Access

Regulation of mRNA transport, localization and translation in the nervous system of mammals (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Carlo Maria Di Liegro
    • Gabriella Schiera
    • Italia Di Liegro
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: January 21, 2014     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1629
  • Pages: 747-762
  • Copyright: © Di Liegro et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Post-transcriptional control of mRNA trafficking and metabolism plays a critical role in the actualization and fine tuning of the genetic program of cells, both in development and in differentiated tissues. Cis-acting signals, responsible for post-transcriptional regulation, reside in the RNA message itself, usually in untranslated regions, 5' or 3' to the coding sequence, and are recognized by trans-acting factors: RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and/or non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs bind short mRNA sequences usually present in the 3'-untranslated (3'-UTR) region of their target messages. RBPs recognize specific nucleotide sequences and/or secondary/tertiary structures. Most RBPs assemble on mRNA at the moment of transcription and shepherd it to its destination, somehow determining its final fate. Regulation of mRNA localization and metabolism has a particularly important role in the nervous system where local translation of pre-localized mRNAs has been implicated in developing axon and dendrite pathfinding, and in synapse formation. Moreover, activity-dependent mRNA trafficking and local translation may underlie long-lasting changes in synaptic efficacy, responsible for learning and memory. This review focuses on the role of RBPs in neuronal development and plasticity, as well as possible connections between ncRNAs and RBPs.
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2014-April
Volume 33 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Di Liegro CM, Schiera G and Di Liegro I: Regulation of mRNA transport, localization and translation in the nervous system of mammals (Review). Int J Mol Med 33: 747-762, 2014.
APA
Di Liegro, C.M., Schiera, G., & Di Liegro, I. (2014). Regulation of mRNA transport, localization and translation in the nervous system of mammals (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 33, 747-762. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1629
MLA
Di Liegro, C. M., Schiera, G., Di Liegro, I."Regulation of mRNA transport, localization and translation in the nervous system of mammals (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33.4 (2014): 747-762.
Chicago
Di Liegro, C. M., Schiera, G., Di Liegro, I."Regulation of mRNA transport, localization and translation in the nervous system of mammals (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 33, no. 4 (2014): 747-762. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1629