Open Access

Cell-penetrating peptides and their utility in genome function modifications (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Maciej Gagat
    • Wioletta Zielińska
    • Alina Grzanka
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 4, 2017     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3172
  • Pages: 1615-1623
  • Copyright: © Gagat et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

For almost 30 years, studies have confirmed the effectiveness of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) in the facilitation of the intracellular delivery of various cargo molecules, including RNA, DNA, plasmids, proteins or nanoparticles, under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The cellular uptake of CPPs occurs via energy-dependent, as well as -independent mechanisms. In this relatively new direction of research, studies have attempted to introduce genome modification systems into cells by CPPs. Cellular uptake of CPPs carrying either covalently bound or electrostatically conjugated cargo, has several advantages over viral delivery systems, as it does not lead to any significant cytotoxicity or immunogenicity, and simultaneously it is more efficient than other non-viral systems. So far, CPPs have been successfully used to introduce Cre recombinase, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats systems into cells. The present article systematically reviewed the information obtained from studies on CPPs and assessed their utility with regard to their effectiveness and safety of use.
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December-2017
Volume 40 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Gagat M, Zielińska W and Grzanka A: Cell-penetrating peptides and their utility in genome function modifications (Review). Int J Mol Med 40: 1615-1623, 2017
APA
Gagat, M., Zielińska, W., & Grzanka, A. (2017). Cell-penetrating peptides and their utility in genome function modifications (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 1615-1623. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3172
MLA
Gagat, M., Zielińska, W., Grzanka, A."Cell-penetrating peptides and their utility in genome function modifications (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.6 (2017): 1615-1623.
Chicago
Gagat, M., Zielińska, W., Grzanka, A."Cell-penetrating peptides and their utility in genome function modifications (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 6 (2017): 1615-1623. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3172