Indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde isolated from Sargassum thunbergii inhibits the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‑9

  • Authors:
    • Tae‑Hee Kim
    • Soo‑Jin Heo
    • Seok‑Chun Ko
    • Won Sun Park
    • Il‑Whan Choi
    • Myunggi Yi
    • Won‑Kyo Jung
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: August 20, 2019     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4319
  • Pages: 1979-1987
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Abstract

Sargassum thunbergii is a brown alga from which various bioactive compounds can be extracted. Among these, the activities of indole derivatives, particularly as potential inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their underlying mechanisms have been rarely investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde (I6CA) on MMP‑9 by gelatin zymography and western blot anlaysis. We used phorbol 12‑myristate 13‑acetate (PMA), which is known to induce MMP‑9 expression and secretion, to stimulate HT1080 cells. Our results revealed that I6CA significantly inhibited MMP‑9 expression and secretion, without significantly affecting the viability of PMA‑stimulated HT1080 cells. Our mechanistic studies indicated that I6CA suppressed the phosphorylation and activation of two mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs), c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK). Furthermore, I6CA inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) in response to PMA stimulation, which suppressed nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) p65 subunit nuclear translocation. Collectively, I6CA was determined to suppress MMP‑9 expression and secretion, and effects were proposed to be mediated via the inhibition of the MAPK and NF‑κB p65 pathways. Therefore, we suggested I6CA to be a potential therapeutic agent for MMP‑9‑related processes, including tumor invasion and metastasis; however, further investigation is required.
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November-2019
Volume 44 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Kim TH, Heo SJ, Ko SC, Park WS, Choi IW, Yi M and Jung WK: Indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde isolated from Sargassum thunbergii inhibits the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‑9 . Int J Mol Med 44: 1979-1987, 2019.
APA
Kim, T., Heo, S., Ko, S., Park, W.S., Choi, I., Yi, M., & Jung, W. (2019). Indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde isolated from Sargassum thunbergii inhibits the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‑9 . International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44, 1979-1987. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4319
MLA
Kim, T., Heo, S., Ko, S., Park, W. S., Choi, I., Yi, M., Jung, W."Indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde isolated from Sargassum thunbergii inhibits the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‑9 ". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44.5 (2019): 1979-1987.
Chicago
Kim, T., Heo, S., Ko, S., Park, W. S., Choi, I., Yi, M., Jung, W."Indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde isolated from Sargassum thunbergii inhibits the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‑9 ". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44, no. 5 (2019): 1979-1987. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4319