Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‑derived exosomes: A novel therapeutic agent for tendon‑bone healing (Review)

Zhu,Yongjia; Yan,Jiapeng; Zhang,Hongfei; Cui,Guanxing

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2023.5324

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‑derived exosomes: A novel therapeutic agent for tendon‑bone healing (Review)

Authors:
- Yongjia Zhu
- Jiapeng Yan
- Hongfei Zhang
- Guanxing Cui
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Affiliations: Department of Arthritis, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
Published online on: November 3, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5324
Article Number: 121
Copyright: © Zhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

In sports medicine, injuries related to the insertion of tendons into bones, including rotator cuff injuries, anterior cruciate ligament injuries and Achilles tendon ruptures, are commonly observed. However, traditional therapies have proven to be insufficient in achieving satisfactory outcomes due to the intricate anatomical structure associated with these injuries. Adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells possess self‑renewal and multi‑directional differentiation potential and can generate various mesenchymal tissues to aid in the recovery of bone, cartilage, adipose tissue and bone marrow hematopoietic tissue. In addition, extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells known as exosomes, contain lipids, proteins and nucleic acids that govern the tissue microenvironment, facilitate tissue repair and perform various biological functions. Studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‑derived exosomes can function as natural nanocapsules for drug delivery and can enhance tendon‑bone healing strength. The present review discusses the latest research results on the role of exosomes released by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in tendon‑bone healing and provides valuable information for implementing these techniques in regenerative medicine and sports health.

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