Open Access

Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Dunyong Tan
    • Zeqi Huang
    • Zhe Zhao
    • Xiaoqiang Chen
    • Jianquan Liu
    • Daping Wang
    • Zhiqin Deng
    • Wencui Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 7, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5326
  • Article Number: 2
  • Copyright: © Tan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, secondary bone hyperplasia, inadequate extracellular matrix synthesis and degeneration of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self‑renew and undergo multidirectional differentiation; they can differentiate into chondrocytes. Aging MSCs have a weakened ability to differentiate, and release various pro‑inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute to OA progression; the other mechanism contributing to OA is epigenetic regulation (for instance, DNA methylation, histone modification and regulation of non‑coding RNA). Owing to the self‑renewal and differentiation ability of MSCs, various MSC‑based exogenous cell therapies have been developed to treat OA. The efficacy of MSC‑based therapy is mainly attributed to cytokines, growth factors and the paracrine effect of exosomes. Recently, extensive studies have been conducted on MSC‑derived exosomes. Exosomes from MSCs can deliver a variety of DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids, thereby facilitating MSC migration and cartilage repair. Therefore, MSC‑derived exosomes are considered a promising therapy for OA. The present review summarized the association between MSC aging and OA in terms of genetics and epigenetics, and characteristics of MSC‑derived exosomes, and the mechanism to alleviate OA cartilage damage.
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January-2024
Volume 53 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Tan D, Huang Z, Zhao Z, Chen X, Liu J, Wang D, Deng Z and Li W: Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review). Int J Mol Med 53: 2, 2024.
APA
Tan, D., Huang, Z., Zhao, Z., Chen, X., Liu, J., Wang, D. ... Li, W. (2024). Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 53, 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5326
MLA
Tan, D., Huang, Z., Zhao, Z., Chen, X., Liu, J., Wang, D., Deng, Z., Li, W."Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 53.1 (2024): 2.
Chicago
Tan, D., Huang, Z., Zhao, Z., Chen, X., Liu, J., Wang, D., Deng, Z., Li, W."Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 53, no. 1 (2024): 2. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5326