Autoantibodies against glucose-regulated protein 78 as serological diagnostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma

Shao,Qing; Ren,Pengfei; Li,Yang; Peng,Bo; Dai,Liping; Lei,Ningjing; Yao,Wu; Zhao,Gang; Li,Linggen; Zhang,Jianying

doi:10.3892/ijo.2012.1515

Autoantibodies against glucose-regulated protein 78 as serological diagnostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma

Authors:
- Qing Shao
- Pengfei Ren
- Yang Li
- Bo Peng
- Liping Dai
- Ningjing Lei
- Wu Yao
- Gang Zhao
- Linggen Li
- Jianying Zhang
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Affiliations: Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
Published online on: June 12, 2012 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2012.1515
Pages: 1061-1067

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Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of cancer with a very poor prognosis. Although α-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most effective marker available to detect HCC, the sensitivity and specificity are not optimal. Therefore, there is a need for the development of more sensitive and specific methods that can supplement AFP in the early detection of this cancer. In this study, autoantibody responses to glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay in sera from patients with HCC, liver cirrhosis (LC) and chronic hepatitis (CH), as well as from normal human individuals. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with tissue array slides was also preformed to analyze protein expression profiles of GRP78 in HCC and control tissues. The prevalence of autoantibodies against GRP78 was 35.5% (27/76) in HCC, which was significantly higher than that in LC, CH and normal human sera (NHS; P<0.01). The average titer of autoantibodies against GRP78 in HCC sera was higher compared to that in LC, CH and NHS(P<0.01). When both autoantibodies against GRP78 and AFP were used simultaneously as diagnostic markers, sensitivity reached 71.4%. Our data indicate that anti-GRP78 autoantibodies may be potential diagnostic markers for HCC, especially in conjunction with AFP.

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