Apoptosis induced by tungsten carbide-cobalt nanoparticles in JB6 cells involves ROS generation through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways

Zhao,Jinshun; Bowman,Linda; Magaye,Ruth; Leonard,Stephen S.; Castranova,Vincent; Ding,Min

doi:10.3892/ijo.2013.1828

Apoptosis induced by tungsten carbide-cobalt nanoparticles in JB6 cells involves ROS generation through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways

Authors:
- Jinshun Zhao
- Linda Bowman
- Ruth Magaye
- Stephen S. Leonard
- Vincent Castranova
- Min Ding
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Affiliations: Department of Preventive Medicine of the Medical School, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
Published online on: February 15, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2013.1828
Pages: 1349-1359

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Abstract

In this study, apoptosis and related signaling induced by WC-Co nanoparticles were investigated in JB6 cells and rat lung macrophages. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and fluorescent staining indicated that both WC-Co nanoparticles and fine particles stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Catalase exhibited an inhibitory effect on WC-Co nanoparticle-induced ROS as well as mitochondrial membrane permeability damage. Further study indicated that WC-Co nanoparticles elicited higher cytotoxicity and apoptotic induction than fine particles. Western blot analysis showed activation of proapoptotic factors including Fas, Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD), caspase 3, 8 and 9, BID and BAX. In addition, both cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were upregulated and released from mitochondria to the cytoplasm. Our findings demonstrate that, on a mass basis, WC-Co nanoparticles exhibit higher cytotoxicity and apoptotic induction than fine particles. Apoptosis induced by WC-Co nanoparticles and fine particles involves both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways.

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