Colorectal laterally spreading tumors show characteristic expression of cell polarity factors, including atypical protein kinase C λ/ι, E‑cadherin, β‑catenin and basement membrane component

Ichikawa,Yasushi; Nagashima,Yoji; Morioka,Kaori; Akimoto,Kazunori; Kojima,Yasuyuki; Ishikawa,Takashi; Goto,Ayumu; Kobayashi,Noritoshi; Watanabe,Kazuteru; Ota,Mitsuyoshi; Fujii,Shoichi; Kawamata,Mayumi; Takagawa,Ryo; Kunizaki,Chikara; Takahashi,Hirokazu; Nakajima,Atsushi; Maeda,Shin; Shimada,Hiroshi; Inayama,Yoshiaki; Ohno,Shigeo; Endo,Itaru

doi:10.3892/ol.2014.2271

Colorectal laterally spreading tumors show characteristic expression of cell polarity factors, including atypical protein kinase C λ/ι, E‑cadherin, β‑catenin and basement membrane component

Authors:
- Yasushi Ichikawa
- Yoji Nagashima
- Kaori Morioka
- Kazunori Akimoto
- Yasuyuki Kojima
- Takashi Ishikawa
- Ayumu Goto
- Noritoshi Kobayashi
- Kazuteru Watanabe
- Mitsuyoshi Ota
- Shoichi Fujii
- Mayumi Kawamata
- Ryo Takagawa
- Chikara Kunizaki
- Hirokazu Takahashi
- Atsushi Nakajima
- Shin Maeda
- Hiroshi Shimada
- Yoshiaki Inayama
- Shigeo Ohno
- Itaru Endo
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Affiliations: Department of Clinical Oncology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 23600044, Japan, Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 23600044, Japan, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 23600044, Japan, Department of Molecular Biology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 23600044, Japan, Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 23600044, Japan, Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 23600044, Japan
Published online on: June 20, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2014.2271
Pages: 977-984

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Abstract

Colorectal flat‑type tumors include laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) and flat depressed‑type tumors. The former of which shows a predominant lateral spreading growth rather than an invasive growth. The present study examined the morphological characteristics of LSTs, in comparison with polypoid‑ or flat depressed‑type tumors, along with the expression of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) λ/ι, a pivotal cell polarity regulator, and the hallmarks of cell polarity, as well as with type IV collagen, β‑catenin and E‑cadherin. In total, 37 flat‑type (24 LSTs and 13 flat depressed‑type tumors) and 20 polypoid‑type colorectal tumors were examined. The LSTs were classified as 15 LST adenoma (LST‑A) and nine LST cancer in adenoma (LST‑CA). An immunohistochemical examination was performed on aPKC λ/ι, type IV collagen, β‑catenin and E‑cadherin. The LST‑A and ‑CA showed a superficial replacing growth pattern, with expression of β‑catenin and E‑cadherin in the basolateral membrane and type IV collagen along the basement membrane. In addition, 86.6% of LST‑A and 55.6% of LST‑CA showed aPKC λ/ι expression of 1+ (weak to normal intensity staining in the cytoplasm compared with the normal epithelium). Furthermore, ~45% of the polypoid‑type adenomas showed 2+ (moderate intensity staining in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus) and 66.7% of the polypoid‑type cancer in adenoma were 3+ (strong intensity staining in the cytoplasm and nucleus). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the expression of aPKC λ/ι and β‑catenin (r=0.842; P<0.001), or type IV collagen (r=0.823; P<0.001). The LSTs showed a unique growth pattern, different from the expanding growth pattern presented by a polypoid tumor and invasive cancer. The growth characteristics of LST appear to be caused by adequate coexpression of β‑catenin, type IV collagen and aPKC λ/ι.

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