Müllerian inhibiting substance/anti‑Müllerian hormone type II receptor protein and mRNA expression in the healthy and cancerous endometria

Kim,Su  Mi; Kim,Yun  Oh; Lee,Min  Kyoung; Chung,Youn  Jee; Jeung,In  Cheul; Kim,Mee  Ran; Kim,Jang  Heub

doi:10.3892/ol.2018.9565

Müllerian inhibiting substance/anti‑Müllerian hormone type II receptor protein and mRNA expression in the healthy and cancerous endometria

Authors:
- Su Mi Kim
- Yun Oh Kim
- Min Kyoung Lee
- Youn Jee Chung
- In Cheul Jeung
- Mee Ran Kim
- Jang Heub Kim
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Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seocho, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
Published online on: October 10, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9565
Pages: 532-538

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Abstract

Müllerian inhibiting substance/anti‑Müllerian hormone (MIS/AMH) is a regulator of the female reproductive system, an indicator of ovarian reserve and a growth inhibitor of Müllerian duct‑derived tumors in vivo and in vitro. The objective of the present study was to analyze MIS/AMH type II receptor (MIS/AMHRII) protein and mRNA expression in healthy human endometria compared with patients with endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer, providing a foundation for MIS/AMH as a biological modifier for treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. The present study included healthy endometrial tissues (n=20), simple endometrial hyperplasia tissues without atypia (n=17), complex endometrial hyperplasia tissues without atypia (n=24) and endometrial cancer tissues (n=8). The location and variation of MIS/AMHRII protein expression was observed by immunohistochemistry. The expression was graded by two pathologists and was categorized as follows: Negative, weakly positive, moderately positive or strongly positive. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify MIS/AMHRII mRNA expression. The expression of MIS/AMHRII protein was observed in the cytoplasm of healthy human endometria, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer cells. The frequency of MIS/AMHRII protein expression was 20.22±10.35% in the proliferative phase of the healthy endometrium and 24.09±11.73% in the secretory phase of the healthy endometrium. However, no differences were observed in the menstrual cycle phases. The frequency was 54.50±16.59% in endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, 55.10±15.87% in endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and 73.88±15.70% in endometrial cancer, indicating that expression was enhanced as the disease progressed from healthy to malignant status. In endometrial hyperplasia, MIS/AMHRII protein expression was significantly associated with histological complexity compared with atypia status. The present study demonstrated that MIS/AMHRII is present in healthy endometria, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. The low expression frequency of MIS/AMHRII was not significantly different among normal endometrial tissues, however, the protein expression was elevated in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer. These findings indicated that the study of bioactive MIS/AMH, as a possible treatment for tumors expressing the MIS/AMH receptor, is essential.

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