Open Access

Dark‑colored maple syrup treatment induces S‑phase cell cycle arrest via reduced proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in colorectal cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Tetsushi Yamamoto
    • Tomoyo Nishita
    • Atsushi Taga
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  • Published online on: January 14, 2019     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9928
  • Pages: 2713-2720
  • Copyright: © Yamamoto et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Maple syrup is a natural sweetener that is consumed worldwide. It has been previously reported that dark‑colored maple syrup exerts an inhibitory effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) proliferation and invasion. In the present study, the underlying mechanism of CRC cell growth inhibition was examined with dark‑colored maple syrup treatment using a shotgun liquid chromatography‑tandem mass spectrometry‑based global proteomic approach. Applying a semi‑quantitative method based on spectral counting, 388 proteins were identified with expression changes of >1.5‑fold following dark‑colored maple syrup treatment. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these proteins possessed cell cycle‑associated functions. It was also indicated that CRC cells treated with dark‑colored maple syrup exhibited decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and S‑phase cell cycle arrest. Dark‑colored maple syrup treatment also resulted in altered expression of cell cycle‑associated genes, including cyclin‑dependent kinase (CDK)4 and CDK6. In conclusion, these data suggested that dark‑colored maple syrup induced S‑phase cell cycle arrest in CRC cells by reducing the expression of PCNA and regulating cell cycle‑associated genes. These findings suggest that dark‑colored maple syrup may be a source of compounds for the development of novel drugs for colorectal cancer treatment.
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March-2019
Volume 17 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Yamamoto T, Nishita T and Taga A: Dark‑colored maple syrup treatment induces S‑phase cell cycle arrest via reduced proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Lett 17: 2713-2720, 2019.
APA
Yamamoto, T., Nishita, T., & Taga, A. (2019). Dark‑colored maple syrup treatment induces S‑phase cell cycle arrest via reduced proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in colorectal cancer cells. Oncology Letters, 17, 2713-2720. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9928
MLA
Yamamoto, T., Nishita, T., Taga, A."Dark‑colored maple syrup treatment induces S‑phase cell cycle arrest via reduced proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in colorectal cancer cells". Oncology Letters 17.3 (2019): 2713-2720.
Chicago
Yamamoto, T., Nishita, T., Taga, A."Dark‑colored maple syrup treatment induces S‑phase cell cycle arrest via reduced proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in colorectal cancer cells". Oncology Letters 17, no. 3 (2019): 2713-2720. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9928