PARP inhibitors and epithelial ovarian cancer: Molecular mechanisms, clinical development and future prospective (Review)

Loizzi,Vera; Ranieri,Girolamo; Laforgia,Mariarita; Gadaleta,Cosmo   Damiano; Gargano,Giulio; Kardhashi,Anila; De Liso,Maria; Naglieri,Emanuele; Del Vecchio,Vittoria; Cicinelli,Ettore; Cormio,Gennaro

doi:10.3892/ol.2020.11951

PARP inhibitors and epithelial ovarian cancer: Molecular mechanisms, clinical development and future prospective (Review)

Authors:
- Vera Loizzi
- Girolamo Ranieri
- Mariarita Laforgia
- Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Giulio Gargano
- Anila Kardhashi
- Maria De Liso
- Emanuele Naglieri
- Vittoria Del Vecchio
- Ettore Cicinelli
- Gennaro Cormio
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Affiliations: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, I‑70121 Bari, Italy, Interventional and Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico ‘Giovanni Paolo II’, I‑70124 Bari, Italy, Pharmacy Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico ‘Giovanni Paolo II’, I‑70124 Bari, Italy, Gynecology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico ‘Giovanni Paolo II’, I‑70124 Bari, Italy, Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico ‘Giovanni Paolo II’, I‑70124 Bari, Italy
Published online on: August 6, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11951
Article Number: 90
Copyright: © Loizzi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a poor prognosis. Since the introduction of paclitaxel as antineoplastic agent >20 years ago, only a few phase III randomized trials have shown challenging data regarding different therapeutic options for facing its aggressive clinical course and granting active therapies to patients. Different studies have shown the utility of poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in women with EOC with or without BRCA mutations, both germline and somatic. Three PARP inhibitors, olaparib, rucaparib and niraparib, have been recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use in EOC patients, though with different clinical indications and profiles of toxicity, while two other molecules, veliparib and talazoparib, are still under clinical investigation. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the current status of PARP inhibitors in terms of molecular activity, pharmacodynamic properties and clinical applications.

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