Open Access

Metformin suppresses breast cancer growth via inhibition of cyclooxygenase‑2

  • Authors:
    • Bin Shi
    • Xinyu Hu
    • Huimin He
    • Wenzheng Fang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 23, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12876
  • Article Number: 615
  • Copyright: © Shi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Pre‑clinical and on‑going trials have indicated the advantage of using metformin as an anticancer drug alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutics for the treatment of patients with breast cancer. However, the mechanisms by which metformin attenuates tumorigenesis remain to be further elucidated. The present study investigated the anticancer effects of metformin in breast cancer and identified potential molecular targets of metformin using western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. Metformin significantly decreased tumor cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, it induced the activation of AMP‑induced protein kinase and suppression of phosphorylated‑eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E‑binding protein 1 (p‑4E‑BP1), a downstream effector of the mTOR signaling pathway, and decreased cyclin D1 levels in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Additionally, metformin inhibited cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2 expression. Clinically, high expression levels of COX‑2 and p‑4E‑BP1 in tissues of patients with breast cancer were significantly associated with enhanced lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis. Thus, the current data suggested that metformin may have potential value as a synergistic therapy targeting both the COX‑2 and mTOR signaling pathways.
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August-2021
Volume 22 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Shi B, Hu X, He H and Fang W: Metformin suppresses breast cancer growth via inhibition of cyclooxygenase‑2. Oncol Lett 22: 615, 2021.
APA
Shi, B., Hu, X., He, H., & Fang, W. (2021). Metformin suppresses breast cancer growth via inhibition of cyclooxygenase‑2. Oncology Letters, 22, 615. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12876
MLA
Shi, B., Hu, X., He, H., Fang, W."Metformin suppresses breast cancer growth via inhibition of cyclooxygenase‑2". Oncology Letters 22.2 (2021): 615.
Chicago
Shi, B., Hu, X., He, H., Fang, W."Metformin suppresses breast cancer growth via inhibition of cyclooxygenase‑2". Oncology Letters 22, no. 2 (2021): 615. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12876