Primary small cell thyroid carcinoma combined with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, evidence for a common origin: A case report

Kim,Kyoung Min; Ahn,Ae Ri; Hong,Yong Tae; Chung,Myoung Ja

doi:10.3892/ol.2023.13819

Primary small cell thyroid carcinoma combined with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, evidence for a common origin: A case report

Authors:
- Kyoung Min Kim
- Ae Ri Ahn
- Yong Tae Hong
- Myoung Ja Chung
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54896, Republic of Korea, Department of Otolaryngology‑HNS, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54896, Republic of Korea, Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54896, Republic of Korea
Published online on: April 18, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13819
Article Number: 233
Copyright: © Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

Primary small cell thyroid carcinomas are extremely rare and there is still debate about their classification as a distinct disease entity. The present case report reports a small cell carcinoma (SCC) combined with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) in a 34 year old man. The tumor consisted of ~80% PDTC and ~20% SCC. The PDTC component was positive for cytokeratin and thyroid transcription factor‑1 (TTF‑1), and negative for calcitonin, chromogranin and synaptophysin. The SCC component was positive for synaptophysin and CD56, and negative for calcitonin, chromogranin and TTF‑1. Seven months after thyroid surgery, two new lung nodules were detected. Histologically and immunohistochemically, the lung tumors were similar to the SCC component of the thyroid carcinoma. The mutational status of cancer‑related genes was assessed using targeted next‑generation sequencing in both the thyroid and lung, which identified similar genetic alterations. The histogenesis of SCC was evaluated through NGS analysis of the two cancer components.

View Figures

View References

1	Somnay YR, Schneider D and Mazeh H: Thyroid: Medullary carcinoma. Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol. 17:291–296. 2013.PubMed/NCBI
2	Lloyd RV, Osamura RY, Klöppel G and Rosai J: WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs. (4th edition). IARC; Lyon: 2017
3	Beach DF, Klump WJ, Haddad G, Reid LM, Schwarting R and Hageboutros A: Extrapulmonary small cell: A novel case of small cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Med Oncol. 29:1405–1408. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Mussazhanova Z, Miura S, Stanojevic B, Rougounovitch T, Saenko V, Shiraishi T, Kurashige T, Shichijo K, Kaneko K, Takahashi H, et al: Radiation-associated small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thyroid: A case report with molecular analyses. Thyroid. 24:593–598. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Eusebi V, Damiani S, Riva C, Lloyd R and Capella C: Calcitonin free oat-cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Virchows Archiv A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 417:267–271. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Aggarwal G, Jackson L and Sharma S: Primary combined small cell carcinoma of larynx with lateralized histologic components and corresponding side-specific neck nodal metastasis: Report of a unique case and review of literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 4:111–117. 2011.
7	Ferlito A, Recher G and Caruso G: Primary combined small cell carcinoma of the larynx. Am J Otolaryngol. 6:302–308. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Bongiovanni M and Faquin WC: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The Bethesda System For Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Definitions, Criteria and Explanatory Notes. Springer; pp. 129–138. 2010, View Article : Google Scholar
9	Prado MCM, Staino IRFL, Silva HDBd, Castro AFd, França L and Barros PF: Primary small cell carcinoma of the thyroid: A case report. Brazil J Oncol. 15:1–7. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar
10	Volante M, Collini P, Nikiforov YE, Sakamoto A, Kakudo K, Katoh R, Lloyd RV, LiVolsi VA, Papotti M, Sobrinoh-Simoes M, et al: Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma: The Turin proposal for the use of uniform diagnostic criteria and an algorithmic diagnostic approach. Am J Surg Pathol. 31:1256–1264. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Chorny JA, Orrego JJ and Cameselle-Teijeiro JM: Primary high-grade calcitonin-negative neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thyroid: A very rare cancer. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 17:18–36. 2018.PubMed/NCBI
12	Rendl G, Manzl M, Hitzl W, Sungler P and Pirich C: Long-term prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 69:497–505. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Walenkamp AM, Sonke GS and Sleijfer DT: Clinical and therapeutic aspects of extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev. 35:228–236. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Song YS, Lim JA and Park YJ: Mutation profile of well-differentiated thyroid cancer in Asians. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 30:252–262. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Kasaian K, Wiseman SM, Walker BA, Schein JE, Zhao Y, Hirst M, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Marra MA and Jones SJM: The genomic and transcriptomic landscape of anaplastic thyroid cancer: Implications for therapy. BMC Cancer. 15:1–11. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar
16	Ma B, Xu W, Wei W, Wen D, Lu Z, Yang S, Chen T, Wang Y, Wang Y and Ji Q: Clinicopathological and survival outcomes of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma undergoing dedifferentiation: A retrospective study from FUSCC. Int J Endocrinol. 21:23837152018.PubMed/NCBI
17	Mangum M, Greco F, Hainsworth J, Hande K and Johnson D: Combined small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 7:607–612. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI