Open Access

Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma of the mediastinal thymus: A case report and literature review

  • Authors:
    • Xiaodan Chen
    • Junjie Yang
    • Bin Huang
    • Hongsheng Liu
    • Lijiang Chen
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 1, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13892
  • Article Number: 306
  • Copyright: © Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma (PUS) of the mediastinal thymus is a rare type of cancer. In the present case report, a 67‑year‑old female patient presenting a mediastinal mass for >1 year was assessed for clinical characteristics, histopathological, immunohistochemical expression and gene mutation using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and relevant literature was reviewed. Histological analysis revealed nodular changes of different sizes in the thymus, which consisted of a mixture of pleomorphic and spindle cells. The pleomorphic cells with distinct atypia were giant cells and multinucleated cells with large cell sizes and frequent nuclear divisions. The spindle cells were mild to moderate atypical and arranged in a woven pattern, and nuclear division was rare. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that vimentin was diffusively expressed in tumor cells. No amplification was found in CDX2 and MDM4 genes using the FISH analysis. In conclusion, mediastinal thymus neoplasm should be considered in the presence of PUS and it is an exclusionary diagnosis based on clinical and pathological examination of the patient.

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July-2023
Volume 26 Issue 1

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Spandidos Publications style
Chen X, Yang J, Huang B, Liu H and Chen L: Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma of the mediastinal thymus: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett 26: 306, 2023.
APA
Chen, X., Yang, J., Huang, B., Liu, H., & Chen, L. (2023). Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma of the mediastinal thymus: A case report and literature review. Oncology Letters, 26, 306. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13892
MLA
Chen, X., Yang, J., Huang, B., Liu, H., Chen, L."Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma of the mediastinal thymus: A case report and literature review". Oncology Letters 26.1 (2023): 306.
Chicago
Chen, X., Yang, J., Huang, B., Liu, H., Chen, L."Pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcoma of the mediastinal thymus: A case report and literature review". Oncology Letters 26, no. 1 (2023): 306. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.13892