Open Access

Emodin treatment of papillary thyroid cancer cell lines in vitro inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis via downregulation of NF‑κB and its upstream TLR4 signaling

  • Authors:
    • Xin Liu
    • Wei Wei
    • Yue-Zhang Wu
    • Yuan Wang
    • Wei-Wei Zhang
    • Yong-Ping Wang
    • Xiao-Ping Dong
    • Qi Shi
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 13, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14101
  • Article Number: 514
  • Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common types of endocrine malignancy. In addition to surgical treatment, it is very important to find new treatment methods. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 1,3,8‑trihydroxy‑6‑methylanthraquinone (emodin) on cellular NF‑κB components and the upstream regulatory pathway of toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, as well as the invasion and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells. The protein expression of NF‑κB components p65 and p50 and their phosphorylated (p‑) forms in the sections of PTC tissues was measured by individual immunohistochemical assays. PTC cell lines TPC‑1 and IHH4 were exposed to 20 and 40 µM emodin for 24 h. The levels of the NF‑κB components p65, p50, c‑Rel, p‑p65 and p‑p50, elements in TLR4 signaling, including TLR4, MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor (MyD88), interferon regulatory factor 3, AKT and MEK, and proliferative and apoptotic biomarkers, including c‑Myc, cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Bcl‑2 and Bax, were evaluated by western blotting and immunofluorescent assays. The invasion and migration of PTC cell lines exposed to emodin were tested by plate colony and wound healing assay. Compared with hyperplasia tissue, the expression levels of NF‑κB components p65 and p50, and p‑p65 and p‑p50 in PTC tissue were significantly increased. Treatment of PTC cell lines with emodin lead to significantly reduced levels of the aforementioned NF‑κB components, accompanied by markedly downregulated TLR4 signaling. MYD 88‑dependent and ‑independent pathways, are also significantly down‑regulated. Downregulation of proliferative factors and activation of apoptotic factors were observed in the cell lines following treatment with emodin. Consequently, inhibition of the invasion and migration activities were observed in the emodin‑treated PTC cells. Emodin could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of PTC cells, which is dependent on the downregulation of cellular NF‑κB and the TLR4 signaling pathway.
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December-2023
Volume 26 Issue 6

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Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Liu X, Wei W, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Dong X and Shi Q: Emodin treatment of papillary thyroid cancer cell lines <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis via downregulation of NF‑κB and its upstream TLR4 signaling. Oncol Lett 26: 514, 2023.
APA
Liu, X., Wei, W., Wu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, W., Wang, Y. ... Shi, Q. (2023). Emodin treatment of papillary thyroid cancer cell lines <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis via downregulation of NF‑κB and its upstream TLR4 signaling. Oncology Letters, 26, 514. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14101
MLA
Liu, X., Wei, W., Wu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Dong, X., Shi, Q."Emodin treatment of papillary thyroid cancer cell lines <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis via downregulation of NF‑κB and its upstream TLR4 signaling". Oncology Letters 26.6 (2023): 514.
Chicago
Liu, X., Wei, W., Wu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Dong, X., Shi, Q."Emodin treatment of papillary thyroid cancer cell lines <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis via downregulation of NF‑κB and its upstream TLR4 signaling". Oncology Letters 26, no. 6 (2023): 514. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14101