FTY720 for cancer therapy (Review)
- Authors:
- Li Zhang
- Han-Dong Wang
- Xiang-Jun Ji
- Zi-Xiang Cong
- Jian-Hong Zhu
- Yuan Zhou
-
Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China - Published online on: October 1, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2765
- Pages: 2571-2578
This article is mentioned in:
Abstract
Billich A, Bornancin F, Dévay P, Mechtcheriakova D, Urtz N and Baumruker T: Phosphorylation of the immunomodulatory drug FTY720 by sphingosine kinases. J Biol Chem. 278:47408–47415. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Paugh SW, Payne SG, Barbour SE, Milstien S and Spiegel S: The immunosuppressant FTY720 is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase type 2. FEBS Lett. 554:189–193. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Suzuki S, Enosawa S, Kakefuda T, et al: A novel immunosuppressant, FTY720, with a unique mechanism of action, induces long-term graft acceptance in rat and dog allotransplantation. Transplantation. 61:200–205. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Enosawa S, Suzuki S, Kakefuda T, Li XK and Amemiya H: Induction of selective cell death targeting on mature T-lymphocytes in rats by a novel immunosuppressant, FTY720. Immunopharmacology. 34:171–179. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Suzuki S, Li XK, Shinomiya T, et al: Induction of lymphocyte apoptosis and prolongation of allograft survival by FTY720. Transplant Proc. 28:2049–2050. 1996.PubMed/NCBI | |
Suzuki S, Enosawa S, Kakefuda T, Amemiya H, Hoshino Y and Chiba K: Long-term graft acceptance in allografted rats and dogs by treatment with a novel immunosuppressant, FTY720. Transplant Proc. 28:1375–1376. 1996.PubMed/NCBI | |
Suzuki S, Enosawa S, Kakefuda T, et al: Immunosuppressive effect of a new drug, FTY720, on lymphocyte responses in vitro and cardiac allograft survival in rats. Transplant Immunol. 4:252–255. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Pitman MR, Woodcock JM, Lopez AF and Pitson SM: Molecular targets of FTY720 (fingolimod). Curr Mol Med. 12:1207–1219. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Azuma H, Takahara S, Ichimaru N, et al: Marked prevention of tumor growth and metastasis by a novel immunosuppressive agent, FTY720, in mouse breast cancer models. Cancer Res. 62:1410–1419. 2002.PubMed/NCBI | |
Sonoda Y, Yamamoto D, Sakurai S, et al: FTY720, a novel immunosuppressive agent, induces apoptosis in human glioma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 281:282–288. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chua CW, Lee DT, Ling MT, et al: FTY720, a fungus metabolite, inhibits in vivo growth of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Int J Cancer. 117:1039–1048. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Schmid G, Guba M, Papyan A, et al: FTY720 inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis. Transplant Proc. 37:110–111. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Zhang N, Qi Y, Wadham C, et al: FTY720 induces necrotic cell death and autophagy in ovarian cancer cells: a protective role of autophagy. Autophagy. 6:1157–1167. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lee TK, Man K, Ho JW, et al: FTY720 induces apoptosis of human hepatoma cell lines through PI3-K-mediated Akt dephosphorylation. Carcinogenesis. 25:2397–2405. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Vadas M, Xia P, McCaughan G and Gamble J: The role of sphingosine kinase 1 in cancer: oncogene or non-oncogene addiction? Biochim Biophys Acta. 1781:442–447. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Wang JD, Takahara S, Nonomura N, et al: Early induction of apoptosis in androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line by FTY720 requires caspase-3 activation. Prostate. 40:50–55. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Hu S, Vincenz C, Buller M and Dixit VM: A novel family of viral death effector domain-containing molecules that inhibit both CD-95- and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 272:9621–9624. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Cohen GM: Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis. Biochem J. 326(Pt 1): 1–16. 1997. | |
Zheng T, Meng X, Wang J, et al: PTEN- and p53-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by FTY720 in gastric cancer cells and nude mice. J Cell Biochem. 111:218–228. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Ubai T, Azuma H, Kotake Y, et al: FTY720 induced Bcl-associated and Fas-independent apoptosis in human renal cancer cells in vitro and significantly reduced in vivo tumor growth in mouse xenograft. Anticancer Res. 27:75–88. 2007.PubMed/NCBI | |
Yasui H, Hideshima T, Raje N, et al: FTY720 induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells and overcomes drug resistance. Cancer Res. 65:7478–7484. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Susin SA, Lorenzo HK, Zamzami N, et al: Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature. 397:441–446. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Liu Q, Alinari L, Chen CS, et al: FTY720 shows promising in vitro and in vivo preclinical activity by downmodulating Cyclin D1 and phospho-Akt in mantle cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res. 16:3182–3192. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Liu Q, Zhao X, Frissora F, et al: FTY720 demonstrates promising preclinical activity for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Blood. 111:275–284. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Wallington-Beddoe CT, Hewson J, Bradstock KF and Bendall LJ: FTY720 produces caspase-independent cell death of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Autophagy. 7:707–715. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Liao A, Hu R, Zhao Q, et al: Autophagy induced by FTY720 promotes apoptosis in U266 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci. 45:600–605. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Alinari L, Baiocchi RA and Praetorius-Ibba M: FTY720-induced blockage of autophagy enhances anticancer efficacy of milatuzumab in mantle cell lymphoma: is FTY720 the next autophagy-blocking agent in lymphoma treatment? Autophagy. 8:416–417. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Alinari L, Mahoney E, Patton J, et al: FTY720 increases CD74 expression and sensitizes mantle cell lymphoma cells to milatuzumab-mediated cell death. Blood. 118:6893–6903. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Levine B and Kroemer G: Autophagy in the pathogenesis of disease. Cell. 132:27–42. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Levine B and Yuan J: Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict? J Clin Invest. 115:2679–2688. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Ogata M, Hino S, Saito A, et al: Autophagy is activated for cell survival after endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Cell Biol. 26:9220–9231. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Wirawan E, Vanden Berghe T, Lippens S, Agostinis P and Vandenabeele P: Autophagy: for better or for worse. Cell Res. 22:43–61. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Estrada-Bernal A, Palanichamy K, Ray Chaudhury A and Van Brocklyn JR: Induction of brain tumor stem cell apoptosis by FTY720: a potential therapeutic agent for glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol. 14:405–415. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Ng KT, Man K, Ho JW, et al: Marked suppression of tumor growth by FTY720 in a rat liver tumor model: The significance of downregulation of cell survival Akt pathway. Int J Oncol. 30:375–380. 2007.PubMed/NCBI | |
Zhou C, Ling MT, Kin-Wah Lee T, Man K, Wang X and Wong YC: FTY720, a fungus metabolite, inhibits invasion ability of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells through inactivation of RhoA-GTPase. Cancer Lett. 233:36–47. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Kappos L, Radue EW, O’Connor P, et al: A placebo-controlled trial of oral fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 362:387–401. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Azuma H, Takahara S, Horie S, Muto S, Otsuki Y and Katsuoka Y: Induction of apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo caused by FTY720 treatment. J Urol. 169:2372–2377. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Devasagayam TP, Tilak JC, Boloor KK, Sane KS, Ghaskadbi SS and Lele RD: Free radicals and antioxidants in human health: current status and future prospects. J Assoc Physicians India. 52:794–804. 2004.PubMed/NCBI | |
Hung JH, Lu YS, Wang YC, et al: FTY720 induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through activation of protein kinase C delta signaling. Cancer Res. 68:1204–1212. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Omar HA, Chou CC, Berman-Booty LD, et al: Antitumor effects of OSU-2S, a nonimmunosuppressive analogue of FTY720, in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 53:1943–1958. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Perrotti D and Neviani P: Protein phosphatase 2A: a target for anticancer therapy. Lancet Oncol. 14:e229–e238. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Yin X, Zhang N and Di W: Regulation of LC3-dependent protective autophagy in ovarian cancer cells by protein phosphatase 2A. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 23:630–641. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Yang Y, Huang Q, Lu Y, Li X and Huang S: Reactivating PP2A by FTY720 as a novel therapy for AML with C-KIT tyrosine kinase domain mutation. J Cell Biochem. 113:1314–1322. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Saddoughi SA, Gencer S, Peterson YK, et al: Sphingosine analogue drug FTY720 targets I2PP2A/SET and mediates lung tumour suppression via activation of PP2A-RIPK1-dependent necroptosis. EMBO Mol Med. 5:105–121. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Neviani P, Santhanam R, Trotta R, et al: The tumor suppressor PP2A is functionally inactivated in blast crisis CML through the inhibitory activity of the BCR/ABL-regulated SET protein. Cancer Cell. 8:355–368. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Neviani P, Santhanam R, Oaks JJ, et al: FTY720, a new alternative for treating blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Invest. 117:2408–2421. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Cristobal I, Garcia-Orti L, Cirauqui C, Alonso MM, Calasanz MJ and Odero MD: PP2A impaired activity is a common event in acute myeloid leukemia and its activation by forskolin has a potent anti-leukemic effect. Leukemia. 25:606–614. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Roberts KG, Smith AM, McDougall F, et al: Essential requirement for PP2A inhibition by the oncogenic receptor c-KIT suggests PP2A reactivation as a strategy to treat c-KIT+ cancers. Cancer Res. 70:5438–5447. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Manning G, Whyte DB, Martinez R, Hunter T and Sudarsanam S: The protein kinase complement of the human genome. Science. 298:1912–1934. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Nagaoka Y, Otsuki K, Fujita T and Uesato S: Effects of phosphorylation of immunomodulatory agent FTY720 (fingolimod) on antiproliferative activity against breast and colon cancer cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 31:1177–1181. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lee YJ, Kim NY, Suh YA and Lee C: Involvement of ROS in curcumin-induced autophagic cell death. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 15:1–7. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Liu JM, Pan F, Li L, et al: Piperlongumine selectively kills glioblastoma multiforme cells via reactive oxygen species accumulation dependent JNK and p38 activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 437:87–93. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Borders EB, Bivona C and Medina PJ: Mammalian target of rapamycin: biological function and target for novel anticancer agents. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 67:2095–2106. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Yap TA, Garrett MD, Walton MI, Raynaud F, de Bono JS and Workman P: Targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway: progress, pitfalls, and promises. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 8:393–412. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
LoPiccolo J, Blumenthal GM, Bernstein WB and Dennis PA: Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: effective combinations and clinical considerations. Drug Resist Updat. 11:32–50. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Alvarez M, Roman E, Santos ES and Raez LE: New targets for non-small-cell lung cancer therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 7:1423–1437. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Rosell R, Felip E, Garcia-Campelo R and Balana C: The biology of non-small-cell lung cancer: identifying new targets for rational therapy. Lung Cancer. 46:135–148. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Zheng J, Zou X and Yao J: The antitumor effect of GDC-0941 alone and in combination with rapamycin in breast cancer cells. Chemotherapy. 58:273–281. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Liao WT, Li TT, Wang ZG, et al: MicroRNA-224 promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth in human colorectal cancer by repressing PHLPP1 and PHLPP2. Clin Cancer Res. 19:4662–4672. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Yothaisong S, Dokduang H, Techasen A, et al: Increased activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is associated with cholangiocarcinoma metastasis and PI3K/mTOR inhibition presents a possible therapeutic strategy. Tumour Biol. Jul 6–2013.(Epub ahead of print). | |
Wu P and Hu YZ: PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors in cancer: a perspective on clinical progress. Curr Med Chem. 17:4326–4341. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Ghayad SE and Cohen PA: Inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: new hope for breast cancer patients. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 5:29–57. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Cortot A, Armand JP and Soria JC: PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors. Bull Cancer. 93:19–26. 2006.(In French). | |
Chua CW, Chiu YT, Yuen HF, et al: Suppression of androgen-independent prostate cancer cell aggressiveness by FTY720: validating Runx2 as a potential antimetastatic drug screening platform. Clin Cancer Res. 15:4322–4335. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Li MH, Hla T and Ferrer F: FTY720 inhibits tumor growth and enhances the tumor-suppressive effect of topotecan in neuroblastoma by interfering with the sphingolipid signaling pathway. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 60:1418–1423. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chang CY, Ma KH, Wang JK, Tung YL and Chueh SH: Inhibition of protein kinase C promotes differentiation of neuroblastoma x glioma NG108–15 hybrid cells. Eur J Neurosci. 34:1074–1084. 2011. | |
Weng JR, Bai LY, Chiu CF, Hu JL, Chiu SJ and Wu CY: Cucurbitane triterpenoid from Momordica charantia induces apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells, in part, through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013:9356752013.PubMed/NCBI | |
Tolba MF, Esmat A, Al-Abd AM, et al: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester synergistically enhances docetaxel and paclitaxel cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells. IUBMB Life. 65:716–729. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Li X, Pu J, Jiang S, et al: Henryin, an ent-kaurane diterpenoid, inhibits Wnt signaling through interference with beta-catenin/TCF4 interaction in colorectal cancer cells. PLoS One. 8:e685252013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chung YC, Lu LC, Tsai MH, et al: The inhibitory effect of ellagic acid on cell growth of ovarian carcinoma cells. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013:3067052013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Li H, Sun L, Xu Y, et al: Overexpression of MTA3 correlates with tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 8:e666792013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Chang MS, Kim DH, Roh JK, et al: Epstein-Barr virus-encoded BARF1 promotes proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells through regulation of NF-kappaB. J Virol. 87:10515–10523. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Jiang J, Huang X, Wang Y, Deng A and Zhou J: FTY720 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of rat glomerular mesangial cells. Mol Biol Rep. 39:8243–8250. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Li QY, Chi YY and Liu SQ: Cell cycle arrest effects of large-dose FTY720 on lymphocytes in mouse skin transplantation models. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 30:365–381. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Gulappa T, Reddy RS, Suman S, Nyakeriga AM and Damodaran C: Molecular interplay between cdk4 and p21 dictates G/G cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 337:177–183. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Bermudez O, Hennen E, Koch I, Lindner M and Eickelberg O: Gli1 mediates lung cancer cell proliferation and Sonic Hedgehog-dependent mesenchymal cell activation. PLoS One. 8:e632262013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Aigelsreiter A, Ress AL, Bettermann K, et al: Low expression of the putative tumour suppressor spinophilin is associated with higher proliferative activity and poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 108:1830–1837. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Guo J, Gao J, Li Z, et al: Adenovirus vector-mediated Gli1 siRNA induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer with Smo-dependent or Smo-independent Hh pathway activation in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett. 339:185–194. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Yoon JS, Kim HM, Yadunandam AK, et al: Neferine isolated from Nelumbo nucifera enhances anti-cancer activities in Hep3B cells: Molecular mechanisms of cell cycle arrest, ER stress induced apoptosis and anti-angiogenic response. Phytomedicine. 20:1013–1022. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Kurokawa K, Akaike Y, Masuda K, et al: Downregulation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 induces G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Oncogene. March 18–2013.(Epub ahead of print). | |
Xing Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Yang Y, Ma Y and Pang D: Fangchinoline induces G1 arrest in breast cancer cells through cell-cycle regulation. Phytother Res. Feb 11–2013.(Epub ahead of print). | |
Steck PA, Pershouse MA, Jasser SA, et al: Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers. Nat Genet. 15:356–362. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Santoni M, Burattini L, Nabissi M, et al: Essential role of gli proteins in glioblastoma multiforme. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 14:133–140. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Yang P, Wang Y, Peng X, et al: Management and survival rates in patients with glioma in China (2004–2010): a retrospective study from a single-institution. J Neurooncol. 113:259–266. 2013.PubMed/NCBI | |
Brucka A and Szyłło K: Immunoexpression of the PTEN protein and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in endometrial cysts, endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancer. Ginekol Pol. 84:344–351. 2013.PubMed/NCBI | |
Abdulkareem IH and Blair M: Effects of indomethacin on expression of PTEN tumour suppressor in human cancers. Niger Med J. 54:100–106. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
McQuitty E, Zhang W, Hendrickson H, et al: Lung adenocarcinoma biomarker incidence in Hispanic versus non-Hispanic white patients. Arch Pathol Lab Med. Jun 26–2013.(Epub ahead of print). | |
Filippini SE and Vega A: Breast cancer genes: beyond BRCA1 and BRCA2. Front Biosci. 18:1358–1372. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Alshaker H, Sauer L, Monteil D, et al: Therapeutic potential of targeting SK1 in human cancers. Adv Cancer Res. 117:143–200. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lim KG, Tonelli F, Berdyshev E, et al: Inhibition kinetics and regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 expression in prostate cancer cells: functional differences between sphingosine kinase 1a and 1b. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 44:1457–1464. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Rosa R, Marciano R, Malapelle U, et al: Sphingosine kinase 1 overexpression contributes to cetuximab resistance in human colorectal cancer models. Clin Cancer Res. 19:138–147. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Lim KG, Tonelli F, Li Z, et al: FTY720 analogues as sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors: enzyme inhibition kinetics, allosterism, proteasomal degradation, and actin rearrangement in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 286:18633–18640. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Tonelli F, Lim KG, Loveridge C, et al: FTY720 and (S)-FTY720 vinylphosphonate inhibit sphingosine kinase 1 and promote its proteasomal degradation in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle, breast cancer and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Cell Signal. 22:1536–1542. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar | |
Pitson SM: Regulation of sphingosine kinase and sphingolipid signaling. Trends Biochem Sci. 36:97–107. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Li MH, Hla T and Ferrer F: Sphingolipid modulation of angiogenic factor expression in neuroblastoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 4:1325–1332. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Xu Z, Graham K, Foote M, et al: 14-3-3 targets chaperone-associated misfolded proteins to aggresomes. J Cell Sci. 126:4173–4186 | |
Zhang L, Chen J and Fu H: Suppression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1-induced cell death by 14-3-3 proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:8511–8515. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI | |
Woodcock JM, Ma Y, Coolen C, et al: Sphingosine and FTY720 directly bind pro-survival 14-3-3 proteins to regulate their function. Cell Signal. 22:1291–1299. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI |