Open Access

Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the anticancer effect of 5‑FU in colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway

  • Authors:
    • Shunzhong Hong
    • Wenjie Cai
    • Zicheng Huang
    • Yubin Wang
    • Xifeng Mi
    • Yisen Huang
    • Zhijin Lin
    • Xiangbo Chen
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: August 11, 2020     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7728
  • Pages: 1333-1342
  • Copyright: © Hong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Chemotherapy is one of the most commonly used treatments for patients with advanced colon cancer, yet the toxicity of chemotherapy agents, such as 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU), limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) is an active ingredient isolated from ginseng. Rg3 has been shown to display anticancer effects on a variety of malignancies. Yet, whether Rg3 synergizes the effect of 5‑FU to inhibit the growth of human colon cancer remains unknown. The present study was designed to ascertain whether Rg3 is able to enhance the anti‑colon cancer effect of 5‑FU. The results revealed that combined treatment of Rg3 and 5‑FU significantly enhanced the inhibition of the proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration of human colon cancer cells (SW620 and LOVO) in vitro. We also found that combined treatment of Rg3 and 5‑FU significantly enhanced the apoptosis of colon cancer cells by activating the Apaf1/caspase 9/caspase 3 pathway and arrested the cell cycle of the colon cancer cells in G0/G1 by promoting the expression of Cyclin D1, CDK2 and CDK4. In addition, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in colon cancer cells was suppressed by Rg3 and 5‑FU. In vivo, Rg3 synergized the effect of 5‑FU to inhibit the growth of human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice. Similarly, combined treatment of Rg3 and 5‑FU altered the expression of colon cancer protein in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the anticancer effect of 5‑FU in colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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October-2020
Volume 44 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Hong S, Cai W, Huang Z, Wang Y, Mi X, Huang Y, Lin Z and Chen X: Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the anticancer effect of 5‑FU in colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncol Rep 44: 1333-1342, 2020.
APA
Hong, S., Cai, W., Huang, Z., Wang, Y., Mi, X., Huang, Y. ... Chen, X. (2020). Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the anticancer effect of 5‑FU in colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncology Reports, 44, 1333-1342. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7728
MLA
Hong, S., Cai, W., Huang, Z., Wang, Y., Mi, X., Huang, Y., Lin, Z., Chen, X."Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the anticancer effect of 5‑FU in colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway". Oncology Reports 44.4 (2020): 1333-1342.
Chicago
Hong, S., Cai, W., Huang, Z., Wang, Y., Mi, X., Huang, Y., Lin, Z., Chen, X."Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances the anticancer effect of 5‑FU in colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway". Oncology Reports 44, no. 4 (2020): 1333-1342. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2020.7728