Association of C‑peptide with immunological and biochemical parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Hasan,Sajidah F.; Al‑Khateeb,Mohammed B. Shaheed; Rashid,Farah A.

doi:10.3892/wasj.2022.184

Association of C‑peptide with immunological and biochemical parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Authors:
- Sajidah F. Hasan
- Mohammed B. Shaheed Al‑Khateeb
- Farah A. Rashid
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Affiliations: Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al‑Nahrain University, Baghdad 10072, Iraq
Published online on: December 30, 2022 https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2022.184
Article Number: 7
Copyright: © Hasan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune metabolic disorder characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β‑cells due to the autoimmune reactions of autoreactive T‑cells and autoantibodies. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the levels of connecting peptide (C‑peptide), and several biochemical and immunological markers in patients with T1DM treated with insulin. For this purpose, a total of 5 ml venous blood was collected from 44 patients with T1DM and 28 healthy volunteers. Relevant clinical examinations were carried out. The contents of C‑peptide, IL‑4 and IL‑5 were determined using the corresponding ELISA kits. The normal ranges for liver and renal function tests were set for both patients and controls. The results revealed that the mean concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was higher in patients with T1DM compared with healthy controls. However, the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, the levels of IL‑5 were decreased in patients with T1DM compared with healthy individuals. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the levels of C‑peptide and cytokines with the exception of IL‑4 in healthy volunteers, which were positively correlated with those of C‑peptide. Overall, the results demonstrated that the low C‑peptide levels in patients with T1DM were not associated with the measured parameters. However, patients with T1DM could still be at high risk of developing pathological complications due to the enhanced levels of glucose and H₂O₂, and the decreased levels of IL‑5.

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