Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
World Academy of Sciences Journal
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2632-2900 Online ISSN: 2632-2919
Journal Cover
November-December 2024 Volume 6 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-December 2024 Volume 6 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats

  • Authors:
    • Daniel Wellington Rocha
    • Fernanda Gosuen Gonçalves Dias
    • Júlia Correa Lovo
    • Silvio Pires Gomes
    • Rose Eli Grassi Rici
    • Bruno Cesar Schimming
    • Tais Harumi de Castro Sasahara
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Department of Surgery, Anatomy Sector, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FMVZ‑USP), São Paulo 05508‑270, Brazil, Graduate Program in Animal Science, Veterinary Hospital, University of Franca (UNIFRAN), Franca 14404‑600, Brazil, Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia 17525‑902, Brazil, Laboratory of Wildlife Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618‑689, Brazil
    Copyright: © Rocha et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 64
    |
    Published online on: September 13, 2024
       https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2024.279
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Obesity is classified as a non‑communicable chronic disease, and the impetus for investigating the role of the sympathetic nervous system in obesity arises from its potential involvement in the development of cardiovascular, metabolic and renal complications commonly observed in obese individuals. Alterations in cardiac sympathetic nervous activity can cause structural and functional disruptions in the heart. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between heart innervation and its structure in a rat model of obesity. For this purpose, the left ventricular volume, the total volume of cardiac muscle fibers and the total volume of neurons in the stellate ganglion in obese Zucker rats were estimated using three‑dimensional quantitative methods based on stereology, a more accurate and unbiased method of quantification. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were also measured. The mean cholesterol level was 75.6 mg/dl in the control group and 145.16 mg/dl in the obese group. The mean triglyceride level was 30.36 mg/dl in the control group and 504.16 mg/dl in the obese group. The following quantitative results were obtained: A left ventricular volume of 1.25 cm³ for the control group and 1.60 cm³ for the obese group, a total volume of cardiac muscle fibers of 1.16 mm³ for the control group and 2.34 mm³ for the obese group, and a total volume of neurons in the stellate ganglion of 34.3x106 µm³ for the control group and 23.01x106 µm³ for the obese group. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that obese Zucker rats exhibit elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Obesity induces cardiac structural alterations, characterized by an increase in cardiac lumen and ventricular wall thickness. In the nervous system, the total volume of neurons in the stellate ganglia decrease, suggesting a potential reduction in cardiac sympathetic activity. From a translational perspective, the present study has proven that the animal model used herein is a useful tool for investigating the interactions between the sympathetic nervous system and heart morphology in obesity. It may also prove to be useful for preventive and therapeutic measures for cardiovascular diseases in obese individuals.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Bray GA: The Zucker-fatty rat: A review. Fed Proc. 36:148–153. 1977.PubMed/NCBI

2 

Martins T, Castro-Ribeiro C, Lemos S and Ferreira T: Murine models of obesity. Obesities. 2:127–147. 2022.

3 

Lambert GW, Schlaich MP, Eikelis N and Lambert EA: Sympathetic activity in obesity: A brief review of methods and supportive data. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1454:56–67. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Pinheiro ARDO, Freitas SFTD and Corso ACT: An epidemiological approach to obesity. Rev Nutr Campinas. 17:523–533. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Corrêa L, Souza VB and Rahim ST: The relationship between obesity and depression in adults: A review of Brazilian literature in the last 10 years. Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, 2018 (In Brazil).

6 

Gruber C, Kohlstedt K, Loot AE, Fleming I, Kummer W and Mühlfeld C: Stereological characterization of left ventricular cardiomyocytes, capillaries, and innervation in the nondiabetic, obese mouse. Cardiovasc Pathol. 21:346–354. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

O'Brien PD, Hinder LM, Callaghan BC and Feldman EL: Neurological consequences of obesity. Lancet Neurol. 16:465–477. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Peterson LR, Waggoner AD, Schechtman KB, Meyer T, Gropler RJ, Barzilai B and Dávila-Román VG: Alterations in left ventricular structure and function in young healthy obese women: Assessment by echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol. 43:1399–1404. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Schipke J, Banmann E, Nikam S, Voswinckel R, Kohlstedt K, Loot AE, Fleming I and Mühlfeld C: The number of cardiac myocytes in the hypertrophic and hypotrophic left ventricle of the obese and calorie-restricted mouse heart. J Anat. 225:539–547. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Trivedi PS and Barouch LA: Cardiomyocyte apoptosis in animal models of obesity. Curr Hypertens Rep. 10:454–460. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Lee G and Goosens KA: Sampling blood from the lateral tail vein of the rat. J Vis Exp. (e52766)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Thrall MA, Weiser G, Allison RG and Campbell TW (eds): Veterinary hematology and clinical biochemistry. 2nd edition. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

13 

Matos SL, de Paula H, Pedrosa ML, dos Santos C, de Oliveira EL, Chianca DA Jr and Silva ME: Dietary models for inducing hypercholesterolemia in rats. Braz Arch Biol Technol. 48:203–209. 2005.

14 

Flecknell PA, Richardson CA and Popovic A: Laboratory animals. In: Tranquilli WJ, Thurmon JC and Grimm KA (eds). Lumb & Jones´ Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. 4th edition. Iowa: Blackwell Publishing, pp765-784, 2007.

15 

Fossum TW: Small animal surgery. 4th edition. Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro, pp1640, 2014.

16 

Gundersen HJ, Jensen EB, Kiêu K and Nielsen J: The efficiency of systematic sampling in stereology-reconsidered. J Microsc. 193:199–211. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Gundersen HJG: The smooth fractionator. J Microsc. 207:191–210. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA: Stereological tools in biomedical research. An Acad Bras Cienc. 75:469–486. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, Després JP, Gordon-Larsen P, Lavie CJ, Lear SA, Ndumele CE, Neeland IJ, Sanders P, et al: Obesity and cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation. 143:e984–e1010. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Limpitikul WB and Das S: Obesity-related atrial fibrillation: Cardiac manifestation of a systemic disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 10(323)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Vekic J, Stefanovic A and Zeljkovic A: Obesity and dyslipidemia: A review of current evidence. Curr Obes Rep. 12:207–222. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Aung N, Sanghvi MM, Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Munroe PB and Petersen SE: The effect of blood lipids on the left ventricle: A mendelian randomization study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 76:2477–2488. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Aurigemma GP, de Simone G and Fitzgibbons TP: Cardiac remodeling in obesity. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 6:142–152. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Rocha IE, Victor EG, Braga MC, Barbosa e Silva O and Becker Mde M: Echocardiography evaluation for asymptomatic patients with severe obesity. Arq Bras Cardiol. 88:52–58. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Ferreira Filho PRP: Hypertrophy patterns and left ventricular geometry by transthoracic echocardiography. Braz J Echocardiogr Cardiovasc Imaging. 25:103–115. 2012.(In Brazil).

26 

Bray GA: Obesity, a disorder of nutrient partitioning: The MONA LISA hypothesis. J Nutr. 121:1146–1162. 1991.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Davy KP and Orr JS: Sympathetic nervous system behavior in human obesity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 33:116–124. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Landsberg L: Diet, obesity and hypertension: An hypothesis involving insulin, the sympathetic nervous system, and adaptive thermogenesis. Q J Med. 61:1081–1090. 1986.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Noordali H, Loudon BL, Frenneaux MP and Madhani M: Cardiac metabolism-a promising therapeutic target for heart failure. Pharmacol Ther. 182:95–114. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Kosiborod MN, Petrie MC, Borlaug BA, Butler J, Davies MJ, Hovingh GK, Kitzman DW, Møller DV, Treppendahl MB, Verma S, et al: Semaglutide in patients with obesity-related heart failure and type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 390:1394–1407. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Chao AM, Tronieri JS, Amaro A and Wadden TA: Semaglutide for the treatment of obesity. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 33:159–166. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Rocha DW, Dias FG, Lovo JC, Gomes SP, Rici RE, Schimming BC and Sasahara Td: The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats. World Acad Sci J 6: 64, 2024.
APA
Rocha, D.W., Dias, F.G., Lovo, J.C., Gomes, S.P., Rici, R.E., Schimming, B.C., & Sasahara, T.d. (2024). The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats. World Academy of Sciences Journal, 6, 64. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2024.279
MLA
Rocha, D. W., Dias, F. G., Lovo, J. C., Gomes, S. P., Rici, R. E., Schimming, B. C., Sasahara, T. d."The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats". World Academy of Sciences Journal 6.6 (2024): 64.
Chicago
Rocha, D. W., Dias, F. G., Lovo, J. C., Gomes, S. P., Rici, R. E., Schimming, B. C., Sasahara, T. d."The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats". World Academy of Sciences Journal 6, no. 6 (2024): 64. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2024.279
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Rocha DW, Dias FG, Lovo JC, Gomes SP, Rici RE, Schimming BC and Sasahara Td: The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats. World Acad Sci J 6: 64, 2024.
APA
Rocha, D.W., Dias, F.G., Lovo, J.C., Gomes, S.P., Rici, R.E., Schimming, B.C., & Sasahara, T.d. (2024). The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats. World Academy of Sciences Journal, 6, 64. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2024.279
MLA
Rocha, D. W., Dias, F. G., Lovo, J. C., Gomes, S. P., Rici, R. E., Schimming, B. C., Sasahara, T. d."The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats". World Academy of Sciences Journal 6.6 (2024): 64.
Chicago
Rocha, D. W., Dias, F. G., Lovo, J. C., Gomes, S. P., Rici, R. E., Schimming, B. C., Sasahara, T. d."The hidden dangers: How obesity alters cardiac innervation and structure in Zucker rats". World Academy of Sciences Journal 6, no. 6 (2024): 64. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2024.279
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team