Special bioactive compounds and functional foods may exhibit neuroprotective effects in patients with dementia (Review)

Murakami,Mutsumi; Ikeda,Yuka; Nakagawa,Yukie; Tsuji,Ai; Kitagishi,Yasuko; Matsuda,Satoru

doi:10.3892/br.2020.1310

Special bioactive compounds and functional foods may exhibit neuroprotective effects in patients with dementia (Review)

Authors:
- Mutsumi Murakami
- Yuka Ikeda
- Yukie Nakagawa
- Ai Tsuji
- Yasuko Kitagishi
- Satoru Matsuda
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Affiliations: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
Published online on: June 2, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2020.1310
Article Number: 1
Copyright: © Murakami et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Dementia is a failure of cognitive ability characterized by severe neurodegeneration in select neural systems, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative disease. Although numerous studies have provided insights into the pathogenesis of AD, the underlying signaling and molecular pathways mediating the progressive decline of cognitive function remain poorly understood. Recent progress in molecular biology has provided an improved understanding of the importance of molecular pathogenesis of AD, and has proposed an association between DNA repair mechanisms and AD. In particular, the fundamental roles of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) tumor suppressors have been shown to regulate the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Consequently, onset of neurodegenerative diseases may be deferred with the use of dietary neuroprotective agents which alter the signaling mediated by the aforementioned tumor suppressors. In a healthy neuron, homeostasis of key intracellular molecules is of great importance, and preventing neuronal apoptosis is one of the primary goals of treatments designed for dementia-associated diseases. In the present review, progress into the understanding of dietary regulation for preventing or limiting development of dementia is discussed with a focus on the modulatory roles of PTEN and BRCA1 signaling.

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