IgG from patients with mild or severe COVID‑19 reduces the frequency and modulates the function of peripheral mucosal-associated invariant T cells in PBMCs from healthy individuals

Rakanidis Machado,Nicolle; Fagundes,Beatriz Oliveira; Fernandes,Iara Grigoletto; Terra De Apoena Reche,Daniela; Sato,Maria Notomi; Victor,Jefferson Russo

doi:10.3892/br.2023.1677

IgG from patients with mild or severe COVID‑19 reduces the frequency and modulates the function of peripheral mucosal-associated invariant T cells in PBMCs from healthy individuals

Authors:
- Nicolle Rakanidis Machado
- Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes
- Iara Grigoletto Fernandes
- Daniela Terra De Apoena Reche
- Maria Notomi Sato
- Jefferson Russo Victor
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Affiliations: Laboratory of Medical Investigation LIM-56, Division of Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil, Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Published online on: October 16, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1677
Article Number: 95

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Abstract

Lower levels of peripheral mucosal‑associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been observed in the peripheral blood of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). Following on from previous research into the effect of the IgG repertoire on human lymphocytes, the present study aimed to evaluate if immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies obtained from patients with mild or severe COVID‑19 contribute to these effects on MAIT cells. Culture experiments were performed using healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and different repertoires of IgG obtained from patients with COVID‑19 as a mild or severe disease and compared with mock, healthy control or therapeutic IgG conditions. The results indicate that the IgG repertoire induced during the development of mild and severe COVID‑19 has, per se, the in vitro potential to reduce the frequency of MAIT cells and the production of IFN‑γ by the MAIT cell population in PBMCs from healthy individuals. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that IgG in patients with severe COVID‑19 may participate in the reduction of peripheral MAIT cell frequency and hinder the antiviral activity of these cells.

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