Resistance to the platinum‑based chemotherapeutic drugs in oral cancer: Focus on the role of p22phox (Review)

Lee,Jin-Ching; Wu,Ching-Ying; Duh,Tsai-Hui; Chiu,Tai-Jan; Chiu,Chien-Chih; Lee,Chiu-Hsien; Chen,Jeff Yi-Fu

doi:10.3892/br.2024.1870

Resistance to the platinum‑based chemotherapeutic drugs in oral cancer: Focus on the role of p22phox (Review)

Authors:
- Jin-Ching Lee
- Ching-Ying Wu
- Tsai-Hui Duh
- Tai-Jan Chiu
- Chien-Chih Chiu
- Chiu-Hsien Lee
- Jeff Yi-Fu Chen
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Affiliations: Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan, R.O.C., College of Medicine and Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, R.O.C., National Guangfu Commercial and Industrial Vocational High School, Hualien 976001, Taiwan, R.O.C
Published online on: October 3, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1870
Article Number: 182
Copyright: © Lee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Oral cancer, commonly known as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is an aggressive malignancy in the oral cavity with a poor prognosis and survival rate, particularly at the advanced stages. Oral cancer represents one of the most widespread cancers worldwide, in which the prevalence is particularly high in South and Southeast Asia. While the incidence and mortality rates continue to increase over the past decades, oral cancer treatment can be challenging and at times ineffective, largely due to drug resistance. To date, platinum‑based drugs, such as cisplatin, remain the mainstay of chemotherapy for patients with oral cancer. However, long‑term exposure to cisplatin inevitably leads to the development of resistance to the drug, which is still a major issue to overcome in oral cancer treatment. The molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in oral cancer have been extensively studied in recent years and the present review places specific emphasis on a novel mechanism of resistance to the platinum drugs mediated by p22phox, an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein. In addition to delineating the unique p22phox‑dependent cisplatin resistance, the present review compares and contrasts the resistance mechanism to its current counterparts. Finally, with the goal of tackling the problem of chemotherapy resistance in oral cancer, various strategies are presented that may counteract p22phox‑dependent cisplatin resistance, which may potentially improve the efficacy of the platinum‑based drugs and warrant future clinical validation.

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