Enamel matrix proteins exhibit growth factor activity: A review of evidence at the cellular and molecular levels

  • Authors:
    • Marzena Wyganowska‑Świątkowska
    • Paulina Urbaniak
    • Michał Marek Nohawica
    • Małgorzata Kotwicka
    • Jerzy Jankun
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: April 7, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2414
  • Pages: 2025-2033
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Abstract

Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is a commercially available protein extract, mainly comprising amelogenins. A number of other polypeptides have been identified in EMD, mostly growth factors, which promote cementogenesis and osteogenesis during the regeneration processes through the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and activity; however, not all of their functions are clear. Enamel extracts have been proposed to have numerous activities such as bone morphogenetic protein‑ and transforming growth factor β (TGF‑β)‑like activity, and activities similar to those of insulin‑like growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, platelet‑derived growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor. These activities have been observed at the molecular and cellular levels and in numerous animal models. Furthermore, it has been suggested that EMD contains an unidentified biologically active factor that acts in combination with TGF‑β1, and several studies have reported functional similarities between growth factors and TGF‑β in cellular processes. The effects of enamel extracts on the cell cycle and biology are summarized and discussed in this review.
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June-2015
Volume 9 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Wyganowska‑Świątkowska M, Urbaniak P, Nohawica MM, Kotwicka M and Jankun J: Enamel matrix proteins exhibit growth factor activity: A review of evidence at the cellular and molecular levels. Exp Ther Med 9: 2025-2033, 2015.
APA
Wyganowska‑Świątkowska, M., Urbaniak, P., Nohawica, M.M., Kotwicka, M., & Jankun, J. (2015). Enamel matrix proteins exhibit growth factor activity: A review of evidence at the cellular and molecular levels. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 9, 2025-2033. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2414
MLA
Wyganowska‑Świątkowska, M., Urbaniak, P., Nohawica, M. M., Kotwicka, M., Jankun, J."Enamel matrix proteins exhibit growth factor activity: A review of evidence at the cellular and molecular levels". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9.6 (2015): 2025-2033.
Chicago
Wyganowska‑Świątkowska, M., Urbaniak, P., Nohawica, M. M., Kotwicka, M., Jankun, J."Enamel matrix proteins exhibit growth factor activity: A review of evidence at the cellular and molecular levels". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9, no. 6 (2015): 2025-2033. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2414