The aim of the present study was to identify potential therapeutic target genes and miRNAs for primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The dataset GSE53482 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) of peripheral blood (PB) cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ cells from PMF patients (PB‑PMF group) and peripheral blood CD34+ cells from healthy individuals (PB‑control group) were analyzed using the Linear Models for Microarray Data package in R. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was used for pathway enrichment analysis. MiRNA‑gene joint enrichment analysis was performed by ENViz and a miRNAs‑gene regulatory network was constructed. A total of 1,182 DEGs (773 upregulated and 109 downregulated) and 48 DEMs (28 upregulated and 20 downregulated) were identified. According to the pathway enrichment analysis, a number of DEGs were enriched in metabolic pathways, including IDH1 and DNMT1. Other DEGs were enriched in the citrate cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle; IDH1 and IDH3A) and certain DEGs were enriched in pyrimidine metabolism, including CARD8. For downregulated genes, certain DEGs were enriched in the spliceosome, including SF3B1 and CDC40. Furthermore, hsa‑miR‑127‑3p, hsa‑miR‑140‑3p and hsa‑miR345 were associated with cell cycle‑related biological processes, signal transduction and cell surface receptor signaling pathway. The DEM‑DEG regulatory network indicated that hsa‑miR‑543 regulated 113 genes, including CARD8 and TIFA. The present study identified a number of genes, including IDH1, DNMT1, SF3B1 and CARD8, and miRNAs, including hsa‑miR‑127‑3p and hsa‑miR‑140‑3p, which may be therapeutic targets in the treatment of PMF.

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