Outcome and prognostic factors of low‑grade serous ovarian cancer: An observational retrospective study

Alhusaini,Hamed; Badran,Ahmed; Al Juhani,Amal; Alshamsan,Bader; Alsagaih,Yasamiyan; Alqayidi,Ahmed A.; Sheikh,Ali; Elhassan,Tusneem; Maghfoor,Irfan; Elshentenawy,Ayman; Elshenawy,Mahmoud A.

doi:10.3892/mco.2024.2745

Outcome and prognostic factors of low‑grade serous ovarian cancer: An observational retrospective study

Authors:
- Hamed Alhusaini
- Ahmed Badran
- Amal Al Juhani
- Bader Alshamsan
- Yasamiyan Alsagaih
- Ahmed A. Alqayidi
- Ali Sheikh
- Tusneem Elhassan
- Irfan Maghfoor
- Ayman Elshentenawy
- Mahmoud A. Elshenawy
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Affiliations: Department of Medical Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51432, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Medical Oncology, King Salman Specialist Hospital, Hail 55471, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, College of Medicine, AL Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Oncology Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published online on: May 22, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2745
Article Number: 47
Copyright: © Alhusaini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Low‑grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a very rare histological subtype of serous ovarian cancer, representing ~2% of all epithelial ovarian cancer cases. LGSOC has a better prognosis but a lower response rate to chemotherapy in comparison to high‑grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). The present study is a retrospective review of the medical records of all patients with histologically proven LGSOC diagnosed and treated in a single institute between January 2003 and December 2019. A total of 23 patients diagnosed with LGSOC and treated at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 45.5 years (range, 26‑66 years) and the median body mass index was 26.1 (range, 18‑43). A total of 21 patients (91.3%) had de novo LGSOC, whereas only 2 patients (8.7%) had LGSOC that had transformed from serous borderline ovarian tumors and recurred. A total of 8 patients (34.8%) were diagnosed with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IV, whereas 3 (13.0%), 3 (13.0%) and 9 (39.1%) were diagnosed with stages I, II and III, respectively. In addition, 10 (43.5%), 5 (21.7%), and 3 (13.0%) patients had complete response, stable disease and partial response statuses after first‑line therapy, respectively. At a median follow‑up time of 34 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 25.32‑42.69], the median progression‑free survival (PFS) time was 75.2 months (95% CI, 17.35‑133.05) and the median overall survival (OS) time was not reached. In conclusion, LGSOC exhibited better PFS and OS times than HGSOC as compared with data from the literature, and there is the option for systemic treatment (chemotherapy or hormonal therapy). Optimal cytoreduction showed numerically higher, but non‑significant, PFS and OS times compared with suboptimal debulking; however, the optimal systemic chemotherapy or hormonal treatment remains controversial.

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