The effect of a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats

Joo,Moon  Kyung; Park,Jong-Jae; Lee,Beom  Jae; Kim,Ji  Hoon; Yeon,Jong  Eun; Kim,Jae  Seon; Byun,Kwan  Soo; Bak,Young-Tae

doi:10.3892/mmr.2013.1327

The effect of a proton pump inhibitor on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats

Authors:
- Moon Kyung Joo
- Jong-Jae Park
- Beom Jae Lee
- Ji Hoon Kim
- Jong Eun Yeon
- Jae Seon Kim
- Kwan Soo Byun
- Young-Tae Bak
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Affiliations: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul 152-703, Republic of Korea
Published online on: February 19, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2013.1327
Pages: 1267-1272

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Abstract

Recent studies revealed that long-term intake of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) increases the risk of vertebral or hip fracture; however, the exact mechanism for this is not known. To evaluate the effect of long-term PPI therapy on bone turnover, we analyzed the signaling pathway involved in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption/formation markers using ovariectomized rats. Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats were ovariectomized, and two weeks later they were divided into four groups (group A, normal diet + placebo; group B, low calcium diet + placebo; group C, normal diet + PPI; and group D, low calcium diet + PPI). Omeprazole, at a concentration of 30 mg/kg, was administered orally for eight weeks and the rats were sacrificed when they were 16 weeks old. The relative expression levels of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio, c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) and osteocalcin in femoral bone marrow cells were compared, and serum C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type I (CTX-1) levels were determined. The relative ratio of RANKL/OPG was increased in group D, and gene expression levels of c-Fos and NFATc1 were upregulated in groups B and D, which are involved in differentiation and activation of osteoclasts. Furthermore, expression levels of osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, were decreased and levels of serum CTX-1, a bone resorption marker, were increased in group D. Taken together, a low calcium diet and PPI administration are thought to collaborate in order to alter osteoclast activity and bone resorption signaling.

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