Prevalence of infarct and villous clumps, and the expression of α‑smooth muscle actin in the placental basal plate 
in severe preeclampsia

Kong,Min; Liu,Lianlian; Yi,Fei; Khan,Muhammad; Rasul,Azhar; Yang,Fan; Ma,Xiaoyan; Ma,Tonghui

doi:10.3892/mmr.2013.1651

Prevalence of infarct and villous clumps, and the expression of α‑smooth muscle actin in the placental basal plate in severe preeclampsia

Authors:
- Min Kong
- Lianlian Liu
- Fei Yi
- Muhammad Khan
- Azhar Rasul
- Fan Yang
- Xiaoyan Ma
- Tonghui Ma
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jilin University Bethune Second Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China, Central Research Laboratory, Jilin University Bethune Second Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
Published online on: August 26, 2013 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2013.1651
Pages: 1067-1073

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of multifocal infarcts and multifocal villous clumps, as well as the expression of α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA) in the basal plate of the placenta. Multifocal infarcts and/or multifocal villous clumps were more frequently observed in early onset severe preeclampsia (EOSPE; n=20) compared with the early control (n=18), late onset severe preeclampsia (LOSPE; n=20) and late control (n=20) groups. Infarct in transitional and late stages was significantly more frequent compared with that in the early stage in EOSPE. In LOSPE, the infarct in the early stage was significantly increased compared with transitional and late stages. The expression of α‑SMA mRNA and protein was determined by RT‑PCR and western blotting, respectively, and increased progressively in late, transitional and early infarct, and positively correlated with the number of smooth muscle cells of villous vessels and myofibroblasts of villous stroma studied by immunohistochemistry. These results indicated that multifocal infarct and multifocal villous clumps may affect the blood flow through the basal plate, not only by directly blocking vessels, but also by indirectly making the vessels extruded by contraction of cells stained by α‑SMA. In addition, foci in the early stage may be more important in affecting the contractility of the placental basal plate.

View Figures

View References

1	George EM and Granger JP: Recent insights into the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Expert Rev Obstet Gynecol. 5:557–566. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	von Dadelszen P, Magee LA and Roberts JM: Subclassification of preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 22:143–148. 2003.
3	Hargitai B, Marton T and Cox PM: Best practice no 178. Examination of the human placenta. J Clin Pathol. 57:785–792. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Khong TY and Werger AC: Myometrial fibers in the placental basal plate can confirm but do not necessarily indicate clinical placenta accreta. Am J Clin Pathol. 116:703–708. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Vogler C, Petterchak J, Sotelo-Avila C and Thorpe C: Placental pathology for the surgical pathologist. Adv Anat Pathol. 7:214–229. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Ramma W and Ahmed A: Is inflammation the cause of pre-eclampsia? Biochem Soc Trans. 39:1619–1627. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	von Versen-Hoeynck FM and Powers RW: Maternal-fetal metabolism in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Front Biosci. 12:2457–2470. 2000.PubMed/NCBI
8	Lash GE, McLaughlin BE, MacDonald-Goodfellow SK, et al: Relationship between tissue damage and heme oxygenase expression in chorionic villi of term human placenta. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 284:H160–H167. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Myatt L: Role of placenta in preeclampsia. Endocrine. 19:103–111. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Whitley GS and Cartwright JE: Cellular and molecular regulation of spiral artery remodelling: lessons from the cardiovascular field. Placenta. 31:465–474. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Furuya M, Ishida J, Aoki I and Fukamizu A: Pathophysiology of placentation abnormalities in pregnancy-induced hypertension. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 4:1301–1313. 2008.PubMed/NCBI
12	Lyall F: Priming and remodelling of human placental bed spiral arteries during pregnancy - a review. Placenta. 26(Suppl A): S31–S36. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Matsumura S, Sakurai K, Shinomiya T, Fujitani N, Key K and Ohashi M: Biochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of the isoforms of myosin and actin in human placenta. Placenta. 32:347–355. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Zhao S, Gu Y, Fan R, Groome LJ, Cooper D and Wang Y: Proteases and sFlt-1 release in the human placenta. Placenta. 31:512–518. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Kaufmann P, Luckhardt M, Schweikhart G and Cantle SJ: Cross-sectional features and three-dimensional structure of human placental villi. Placenta. 8:235–247. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Rasul A, Yu B, Zhong L, Khan M, Yang H and Ma T: Cytotoxic effect of evodiamine in SGC-7901 human gastric adenocarcinoma cells via simultaneous induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Oncol Rep. 27:1481–1487. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
17	Rasul A, Yu B, Khan M, Zhang K, Iqbal F, Ma T and Yang H: Magnolol, a natural compound, induces apoptosis of SGC-7901 human gastric adenocarcinoma cells via the mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Int J Oncol. 40:1153–1161. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
18	Paruk F and Moodley J: Maternal and neonatal outcome in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia. Semin Neonatol. 5:197–207. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Redman CW and Sargent IL: Placental debris, oxidative stress and pre-eclampsia. Placenta. 21:597–602. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Hung TH and Burton GJ: Hypoxia and reoxygenation: a possible mechanism for placental oxidative stress in preeclampsia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 45:189–200. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
21	Kaufmann P, Black S and Huppertz B: Endovascular trophoblast invasion: implications for the pathogenesis of intrauterine growth retardation and preeclampsia. Biol Reprod. 69:1–7. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Craven CM, Morgan T and Ward K: Decidual spiral artery remodelling begins before cellular interaction with cytotrophoblasts. Placenta. 19:241–252. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
23	Crum CP, Nucci MR and Lee KR: Diagnostic Gynecologic and Obstetric Pathology. 2nd ed. Saunders/Elsevier; Philadelphia, PA: pp. 12022011
24	Ogge G, Chaiworapongsa T, Romero R, et al: Placental lesions associated with maternal underperfusion are more frequent in early-onset than in late-onset preeclampsia. J Perinat Med. 39:641–652. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Vandekerckhove J and Weber K: At least six different actins are expressed in a higher mammal: an analysis based on the amino acid sequence of the amino-terminal tryptic peptide. J Mol Biol. 126:783–802. 1978. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Glukhova MA, Frid MG and Koteliansky VE: Developmental changes in expression of contractile and cytoskeletal proteins in human aortic smooth muscle. J Biol Chem. 265:13042–13046. 1990.PubMed/NCBI
27	Teraoka R, Shimada T and Aburada M: The molecular mechanisms of the hepatoprotective effect of gomisin A against oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury. Biol Pharm Bull. 35:171–177. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
28	Sati L, Seval Y, Yasemin Demir A, Kosanke G, Kohnen G and Demir R: Cellular diversity of human placental stem villi: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study. Acta Histochem. 109:468–479. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Tannheimer SL, Wright CD and Salmon M: Combination of roflumilast with a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist inhibits proinflammatory and profibrotic mediator release from human lung fibroblasts. Respir Res. 13:282012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
30	Rogers KR, Morris CJ and Blake DR: The cytoskeleton and its importance as a mediator of inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis. 51:565–571. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI