A novel anti‑cancer effect of resveratrol: reversal of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells

Li,Jianping; Chong,Tie; Wang,Ziming; Chen,Haiwen; Li,Hecheng; Cao,Jun; Zhang,Peng; Li,Hongliang

doi:10.3892/mmr.2014.2417

A novel anti‑cancer effect of resveratrol: reversal of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells

Authors:
- Jianping Li
- Tie Chong
- Ziming Wang
- Haiwen Chen
- Hecheng Li
- Jun Cao
- Peng Zhang
- Hongliang Li
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Affiliations: Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
Published online on: July 23, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.2417
Pages: 1717-1724
Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Carcinoma progression is associated with the loss of epithelial features and the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype, a process known as epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound found in grapes, berries and peanuts, has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti‑tumor metastasis properties. The underlying mechanism through which resveratrol inhibits metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) is not yet fully understood; however, it is thought to be associated with the disruption of EMT. In the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to trigger EMT in PC‑3 and LNCaP PCa cell lines, and the cell lines were subsequently treated with resveratrol. The results demonstrated that exposure of PC‑3 and LNCaP cells to LPS resulted in morphological alterations characteristic of EMT, as well as an increase in the expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin and a decrease in the expression of E‑cadherin. In addition, LPS exposure resulted in an increase in cell motility, along with an upregulation of the transcription factor glioma‑associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1). However, treatment with resveratrol inhibited LPS‑induced morphological changes, decreased the expression of LPS‑induced markers of EMT and inhibited the expression of Gli1, resulting in the inhibition of in vitro cell motility and invasiveness. These results provide a novel perspective for the anti‑invasion mechanism of resveratrol, suggesting that the effect is in part due to its ability to inhibit the EMT process through the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

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