Improving insulin resistance with Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium powder to induce a hypoglycemic effect in dexamethasone‑induced insulin‑resistant rats

Chung,Yuan‑Chiang; Tzeng,Chung‑Yuh; Chen,Ying‑I; Chang,Shu‑Wei; Hsu,Tai‑Hao; Ho,Wai‑Jane; Kuo,Yueh‑Hsiung; Hung,Pei‑Hsiu; Chang,Shih‑Liang

doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.8259

Improving insulin resistance with Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium powder to induce a hypoglycemic effect in dexamethasone‑induced insulin‑resistant rats

Authors:
- Yuan‑Chiang Chung
- Chung‑Yuh Tzeng
- Ying‑I Chen
- Shu‑Wei Chang
- Tai‑Hao Hsu
- Wai‑Jane Ho
- Yueh‑Hsiung Kuo
- Pei‑Hsiu Hung
- Shih‑Liang Chang
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Affiliations: Department of Surgery Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng‑Ching Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, Da‑Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Bioindustry Technology, Da‑Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, R.O.C., Division of Traditional Chinese, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia‑Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Published online on: December 12, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.8259
Pages: 3260-3266

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Abstract

Insulin resistance is a major factor in type II diabetes development, occurring when insulin levels are normal, but do not have normal interactions with adipose, muscle or liver tissue. The present study aimed to explore the hypoglycemic effect of Antrodia cinnamomea (AC) mycelium powder by evaluating its impact on insulin resistance and plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels in steroid‑induced insulin‑resistant (SIIR) rats. Male Wistar rats were administered dexamethasone for 5 days to induce insulin resistance. The SIIR rats were subsequently randomly assigned into three experimental groups (EGs) and a control group (CG), where saline was orally administered. The EGs were orally administered different doses of AC (100, 200 or 500 mg/kg) and an optimal dose for further study was determined. Changes in plasma insulin and glucose levels were calculated to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of AC. To evaluate insulin resistance, the homeostasis model assessment‑estimated insulin resistance of the SIIR rats was determined. Changes in plasma FFA levels were detected and levels of insulin signal proteins (IRS‑1, GLUT‑4 and PI3K) were analyzed by western blot to elucidate AC's mechanism of action. The SIIR rats exhibited significantly decreased plasma glucose levels in the first 30 min, with plasma FFA levels displaying a marked downward trend (P<0.05) when they were administered the optimal dose of AC (200 mg/kg). The decrease in plasma glucose and FFA levels was significantly larger in the EG compared to the CG, and insulin signal protein levels were also significantly increased (P<0.05). The hypoglycemic effect observed may be due to decreased plasma FFA levels and increased expression of intracellular insulin signal proteins. Furthermore, insulin sensitivity was enhanced, indicating that AC acts as an insulin sensitizer in insulin resistant animal models.

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