1
|
World Health Organization (WHO), . Global
Hepatitis Report, 2017. WHO; Geneva: 2017, http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/255016/1/9789241565455-eng.pdf?ua=1April
21–2017
|
2
|
World Health Organization, . Guidelines
for the Prevention, Care and Treatment of Persons with Chronic
Hepatitis B Infection, 2015. WHO, Geneva: 2015, http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/154590/1/9789241549059_eng.pdf?ua=1&ua=1March.
2015
|
3
|
Menéndez-Arias L, Álvarez M and Pacheco B:
Nucleoside/nucleotide analog inhibitors of hepatitis B virus
polymerase: Mechanism of action and resistance. Curr Opin Virol.
8:1–9. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
4
|
Buti M, Tsai N, Petersen J, Flisiak R,
Gurel S, Krastev Z, Aguilar SR, Flaherty JF, Martins EB, Charuworn
P, et al: Seven-year efficacy and safety of treatment with
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B virus
infection. Dig Dis Sci. 60:1457–1464. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
5
|
Lei J, Wang Y, Wang LL, Zhang SJ, Chen W,
Bai ZG and Xu LY: Profile of hepatitis B virus resistance mutations
against nucleoside/nucleotide analogue treatment in Chinese
patients with chronic hepatitis B. Virol J. 10:3132013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
6
|
Rawal RK, Konreddy AK and Chu CK:
Mechanism of adefovir, tenofovir and entecavir resistance:
Molecular modeling studies of how a novel anti-HBV agent (FMCA) can
overcome the drug resistance. Curr Med Chem. 22:3922–3932. 2015.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
7
|
Margeridon-Thermet S, Shulman NS, Ahmed A,
Shahriar R, Liu T, Wang C, Holmes SP, Babrzadeh F, Gharizadeh B,
Hanczaruk B, et al: Ultra-deep pyrosequencing of hepatitis B virus
quasispecies from nucleoside and nucleotide reverse-transcriptase
inhibitor (NRTI)-treated patients and NRTI-naive patients. J Infect
Dis. 199:1275–1285. 2009. View
Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
8
|
Ji F, Zhou L, Ma S, Li F, Ding H and Zeng
C: Dynamic changes of HBV quasispecies and deletion patterns in a
chronic hepatitis B patient. J Med Virol. 81:1551–1559. 2009.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
9
|
Günther S, Piwon N, Jung A, Iwanska A,
Schmitz H and Will H: Enhanced replication contributes to
enrichment of hepatitis B virus with a deletion in the core gene.
Virology. 273:286–299. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
10
|
Zhang D, Dong P, Zhang K, Deng L, Bach C,
Chen W, Li F, Protzer U, Ding H and Zeng C: Whole genome HBV
deletion profiles and the accumulation of preS deletion mutant
during antiviral treatment. BMC Microbiol. 12:3072012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
11
|
Tsuge M, Murakami E, Imamura M, Abe H,
Miki D, Hiraga N, Takahashi S, Ochi H, Nelson HC, Ginba H, et al:
Serum HBV RNA and HBeAg are useful markers for the safe
discontinuation of nucleotide analogue treatments in chronic
hepatitis B patients. J Gastroenterol. 48:1188–1204. 2013.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
12
|
Chevaliez S, Rodriguez C and Pawlotsky JM:
New virologic tools for management of chronic hepatitis B and C.
Gastroenterology. 142:1303–1313.e1. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
13
|
Barzon L, Lavezzo E, Costanzi G, Franchin
E, Toppo S and Palù G: Next-generation sequencing technologies in
diagnostic virology. J Clin Virol. 58:346–350. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
14
|
Yamani LN, Yano Y, Utsumi T, Juniastuti,
Wandono H, Widjanarko D, Triantanoe A, Wasityastuti W, Liang YJ,
Okada R, et al: Ultradeep sequencing for detection of quasispecies
variants in the major hydrophilic region of hepatitis B virus in
indonesian patients. J Clin Microbiol. 53:3165–3175. 2015.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
15
|
Capobianchi MR, Giombini E and Rozera G:
Next-generation sequencing technology in clinical virology. Clin
Microbiol Infect. 19:15–22. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
16
|
Zoulim F and Locarnini S: Hepatitis B
virus resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogues. Gastroenterology.
137:1593–1608.e1-2. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
17
|
Shinkai N, Matsuura K, Sugauchi F,
Watanabe T, Murakami S, Iio E, Ogawa S, Nojiri S, Joh T and Tanaka
Y: Application of a newly developed high-sensitivity HBsAg
chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for hepatitis B patients with
HBsAg seroclearance. J Clin Microbiol. 51:3484–3491. 2013.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
18
|
Weiss J, Wu H, Farrenkopf B, Schultz T,
Song G, Shah S and Siegel J: Real time TaqMan PCR detection and
quantitation of HBV genotypes A-G with the use of an internal
quantitation standard. J Clin Virol. 30:86–93. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
19
|
Jameson BA and Wolf H: The antigenic
index: A novel algorithm for predicting antigenic determinants.
Bioinformatics. 4:181–186. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar
|
20
|
Westland CE, Yang H, Delaney WE IV, Gibbs
CS, Miller MD, Wulfsohn M, Fry J, Brosgart CL and Xiong S; 437 and
438 Study Teams, : Week 48 resistance surveillance in two phase 3
clinical studies of adefovir dipivoxil for chronic hepatitis B.
Hepatology. 38:96–103. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
21
|
Yadav V and Chu CK: Molecular mechanisms
of adefovir sensitivity and resistance in HBV polymerase mutants: A
molecular dynamics study. Bioorganic Med Chem Lett. 14:4313–4317.
2004. View Article : Google Scholar
|
22
|
Ballesteros JA, Deupi X, Olivella M,
Haaksma EE and Pardo L: Serine and threonine residues bend
alpha-helices in the chi(1)=g(−) conformation. Biophys J.
79:2754–2760. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
23
|
Ghany M and Liang TJ: Drug targets and
molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in chronic hepatitis B.
Gastroenterology. 132:1574–1585. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
24
|
Li MR, Xi HL, Wang QH, Hou FQ, Huo N,
Zhang XX, Li F and Xu XY: Kinetics and prediction of HBsAg loss
during long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues of different
potency in patients with chronic hepatitis B. PLoS One.
9:e984762014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
25
|
Xu J, Wu B, Wang JH, Huang L, Wang DY,
Zhao L, Zhao GP and Wang Y: Pre-existing mutations in reverse
transcriptase of hepatitis B virus in treatment-naive Chinese
patients with chronic hepatitis B. PLoS One. 10:e01174292015.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
26
|
Nowak MA, Bonhoeffer S, Hill AM, Boehme R,
Thomas HC and McDade H: Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus
infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:pp. 4398–4402. 1996;
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
27
|
Jones SA, Clark DN, Cao F, Tavis JE and Hu
J: Comparative analysis of hepatitis B virus polymerase sequences
required for viral RNA binding, RNA packaging, and protein priming.
J Virol. 88:1564–1572. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
28
|
Badtke MP, Khan I, Cao F, Hu J and Tavis
J: An interdomain RNA binding site on the hepadnaviral polymerase
that is essential for reverse transcription. Virology. 390:130–138.
2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
29
|
Clark DN and Hu J: Unveiling the roles of
HBV polymerase for new antiviral strategies. Future Virol.
10:283–295. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
30
|
Caligiuri P, Cerruti R, Icardi G and
Bruzzone B: Overview of hepatitis B virus mutations and their
implications in the management of infection. World J Gastroenterol.
22:145–154. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
31
|
Locarnini SA: Hepatitis B virus surface
antigen and polymerase gene variants: Potential virological and
clinical significance. Hepatology. 27:294–297. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
32
|
Locarnini SA and Yuen L: Molecular genesis
of drug-resistant and vaccine-escape HBV mutants. Antivir Ther.
15:451–461. 2010. View
Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
33
|
Warner N and Locarnini S: The antiviral
drug selected hepatitis B virus rtA181T/sW172* mutant has a
dominant negative secretion defect and alters the typical profile
of viral rebound. Hepatology. 48:88–98. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
34
|
World Health Organization (WHO), .
Hepatitis B. WHO; Geneva: 2002, http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/67746/1/WHO_CDS_CSR_LYO_2002.2_HEPATITIS_B.pdf
|
35
|
Shi Y, Wei F, Hu D, Li Q, Smith D, Li N
and Chen D: Mutations in the major hydrophilic region (MHR) of
hepatitis B virus genotype C in North China. J Med Virol.
84:1901–1906. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
36
|
MAP: Hepatitis B virus S gene escape
mutants. Asian J Transfus Sci. 1:62–70. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
37
|
Salpini R, Surdo M, Warner N, Cortese MF,
Colledge D, Soppe S, Bellocchi MC, Armenia D, Carioti L, Continenza
F, et al: Novel HBsAg mutations correlate with hepatocellular
carcinoma, hamper HBsAg secretion and promote cell proliferation in
vitro. Oncotarget. 8:15704–15715. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
38
|
Silva Souza ACD, Souza Marasca G,
Kretzmann-Filho NA, Dall-Bello A, Alexandre Kliemann D, Valle Tovo
C and Gorini da Veiga AB: Identification of hepatitis B virus
A1762T/G1764A double mutant strain in patients in Southern Brazil.
Braz J Infect Dis. 21:525–529. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
39
|
Zhang ZH, Wu CC, Chen XW, Li X, Li J and
Lu MJ: Genetic variation of hepatitis B virus and its significance
for pathogenesis. World J Gastroenterol. 22:126–144. 2016.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
40
|
Kim H, Lee SA, Do SY and Kim BJ:
Precore/core region mutations of hepatitis B virus related to
clinical severity. World J Gastroenterol. 22:4287–4296. 2016.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
41
|
Ceres P, Stray SJ and Zlotnick A:
Hepatitis B virus capsid assembly is enhanced by naturally
occurring mutation F97L. J Virol. 78:9538–9543. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
42
|
Ning B and Shih C: Nucleolar localization
of human hepatitis B virus capsid protein. J Virol. 78:13653–13668.
2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
43
|
Hosono S, Tai PC, Wang W, Ambrose M, Hwang
DG, Yuan TT, Peng BH, Yang CS, Lee CS and Shih C: Core antigen
mutations of human hepatitis B virus in hepatomas accumulate in MHC
class II-restricted T cell epitopes. Virology. 212:151–162. 1995.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
44
|
Cheng CP, Lee PF, Liu WC, Wu IC, Chin CY,
Chang TT and Tseng VS: Analysis of precore/core covariances
associated with viral kinetics and genotypes in hepatitis B e
antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients. PLoS One.
7:e325532012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
45
|
Kim H, Lee SA and Kim BJ: X region
mutations of hepatitis B virus related to clinical severity. World
J Gastroenterol. 22:5467–5478. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
46
|
Wu Z, Han T, Gao Y, Li Y, Liu T, Jing L,
Liu L, Du Z, Wu Z and Medical T: Evolution of hepatitis B virus
quasispecies during sequential therapy in patients with
lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus infection. Shijie Huaren
Xiaohua Zazhi. 18:779–785. 2010.
|
47
|
Fu L, Teng X, Ma Y, Chen S, Xu W, Fu B and
Gu H: HBV gene mutations in six multidrug-resistant chronic
hepatitis B patients in China. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 9:2134–2140.
2016.
|
48
|
Thedja MD, Muljono DH, Ie SI, Sidarta E,
Turyadi Verhoef J and Marzuki S: Genogeography and immune epitope
characteristics of hepatitis B virus genotype c reveals two
distinct types: Asian and papua-pacific. PLoS One. 10:e01325332015.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
49
|
Lee SA, Kim KJ, Kim DW and Kim BJ:
Male-specific W4P/R mutation in the pre-S1 region of hepatitis B
virus, increasing the risk of progression of liver diseases in
chronic patients. J Clin Microbiol. 51:3928–3936. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
50
|
Mayaphi SH, Martin DJ, Mphahlele MJ,
Blackard JT and Bowyer SM: Variability of the preC/C region of
hepatitis B virus genotype A from a South African cohort
predominantly infected with HIV. J Med Virol. 85:1883–1892. 2013.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
51
|
Saha D, Pal A, Biswas A, Panigrahi R,
Sarkar N, Das D, Sarkar J, Guha SK, Saha B, Chakrabarti S, et al:
Molecular characterization of HBV strains circulating among the
treatment-naive HIV/HBV co-infected patients of eastern India. PLoS
One. 9:e904322014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
52
|
Liu Z, Luo K, He H and Hou J: Hot-spot
mutations in hepatitis B virus core gene: Eliciting or evading
immune clearance? J Viral Hepat. 12:146–153. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
53
|
Akarca US and Lok AS: Naturally occurring
hepatitis B virus core gene mutations. Hepatology. 22:50–60. 1995.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
54
|
Kim DW, Lee SA, Hwang ES, Kook YH and Kim
BJ: Naturally occurring precore/core region mutations of hepatitis
B virus genotype C related to hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One.
7:e473722012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
55
|
Yeh ML, Peng CY, Dai CY, Lai HC, Huang CF,
Hsieh MY, Huang JF, Chen SC, Lin ZY, Yu ML, et al:
Pegylated-interferon alpha therapy for treatment-experienced
chronic hepatitis B patients. PLoS One. 10:e01222592015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
56
|
Inoue J, Ueno Y, Wakui Y, Fukushima K,
Kondo Y, Kakazu E, Ninomiya M, Niitsuma H and Shimosegawa T:
Enhanced replication of hepatitis B virus with frameshift in the
precore region found in fulminant hepatitis patients. J Infect Dis.
204:1017–1025. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
57
|
Carman WF, Jacyna MR, Hadziyannis S,
Karayiannis P, McGarvey MJ, Makris A and Thomas HC: Mutation
preventing formation of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with
chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet. 2:588–591. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
58
|
Kim H, Jee YM, Song BC, Shin JW, Yang SH,
Mun HS, Kim HJ, Oh EJ, Yoon JH, Kim YJ, et al: Molecular
epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and serotypes in
patients with chronic HBV infection in Korea. Intervirology.
50:52–57. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
59
|
Kim HJ, Park JH, Jee Y, Lee SA, Kim H,
Song BC, Yang S, Lee M, Yoon JH, Kim YJ, et al: Hepatitis B virus X
mutations occurring naturally associated with clinical severity of
liver disease among Korean patients with chronic genotype C
infection. J Med Virol. 80:1337–1343. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
60
|
Xie Y, Liu S, Zhao Y, Guo Z and Xu J: X
protein mutations in hepatitis B virus DNA predict postoperative
survival in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumor Biol. 35:10325–10331.
2014. View Article : Google Scholar
|
61
|
Li W, Goto K, Matsubara Y, Ito S, Muroyama
R, Li Q and Kato N: The characteristic changes in hepatitis B virus
× region for hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive analysis
based on global data. PLoS One. 10:e01255552015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|