Protective effect of curcumin against ultraviolet A irradiation‑induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts

Liu,Xiaoming; Zhang,Ruizhi; Shi,Haixia; Li,Xiaobo; Li,Yanhong; Taha,Ahmad; Xu,Chunxing

doi:10.3892/mmr.2018.8791

Protective effect of curcumin against ultraviolet A irradiation‑induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts

Authors:
- Xiaoming Liu
- Ruizhi Zhang
- Haixia Shi
- Xiaobo Li
- Yanhong Li
- Ahmad Taha
- Chunxing Xu
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Affiliations: Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China, Urumqi Jinsuijian Technical Development Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang 830013, P.R. China, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor 47810, Malaysia
Published online on: March 20, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8791
Pages: 7227-7237
Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory processes in skin, resulting in photoaging. Natural botanicals have gained considerable attention due to their beneficial protection against the harmful effects of UV irradiation. The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of curcumin (Cur) to protect human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) against ultraviolet A (UVA)‑induced photoaging. HDFs were treated with 0‑10 µM Cur for 2 h and subsequently exposed to various intensities of UVA irradiation. The cell viability and apoptotic rate of HDFs were investigated by MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The effect of UVA and Cur on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde levels, which are an indicator of ROS, and the levels/activity of antioxidative defense proteins, including glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase, were evaluated using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and commercial assay kits. Furthermore, western blotting was performed to determine the levels of proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the apoptotic pathway, inflammation and the collagen synthesis pathway. The results demonstrated that Cur reduced the accumulation of ROS and restored the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes, indicating that Cur minimized the damage induced by UVA irradiation in HDFs. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that Cur may attenuate UVA‑induced ER stress, inflammation and apoptotic signaling by downregulating the protein expression of glucose‑regulated protein 78, C/EBP‑homologous protein, nuclear factor‑κB and cleaved caspase‑3, while upregulating the expression of Bcl‑2. Additionally, it was demonstrated that Cur may regulate collagen metabolism by decreasing the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑1 and MMP‑3, and may promote the repair of cells damaged as a result of UVA irradiation through increasing the protein expression of transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) and Smad2/3, and decreasing the expression of the TGF‑β inhibitor, Smad7. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate the potential benefits of Cur for the protection of HDFs against UVA‑induced photoaging and highlight the potential for the application of Cur in skin photoprotection.

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