Open Access

Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Sergej Nadalin
    • Hrvoje Jakovac
    • Vjekoslav Peitl
    • Dalibor Karlović
    • Alena Buretić‑Tomljanović
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 28, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12250
  • Article Number: 611
  • Copyright: © Nadalin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Genetic and nongenetic factors associated with an increased inflammatory response may mediate a link between severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) and serious mental illness (SMI). However, systematic assessment of inflammatory response‑related factors associated with SMI that could influence COVID‑19 outcomes is lacking. In the present review, dietary patterns, smoking and the use of psychotropic medications are discussed as potential extrinsic risk factors and angiotensin‑converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphisms are considered as potential intrinsic risk factors. A genetics‑based prediction model for SMI using ACE‑I/D genotyping is also proposed for use in patients experiencing severe COVID‑19. Furthermore, the literature suggests that ACE inhibitors may have protective effects against SMI or severe COVID‑19, which is often linked to hypertension and other cardiovascular comorbidities. For this reason, we hypothesize that using these medications to treat patients with severe COVID‑19 might yield improved outcomes, including in the context of SMI associated with COVID‑19.
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August-2021
Volume 24 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Nadalin S, Jakovac H, Peitl V, Karlović D and Buretić‑Tomljanović A: Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review). Mol Med Rep 24: 611, 2021.
APA
Nadalin, S., Jakovac, H., Peitl, V., Karlović, D., & Buretić‑Tomljanović, A. (2021). Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 24, 611. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12250
MLA
Nadalin, S., Jakovac, H., Peitl, V., Karlović, D., Buretić‑Tomljanović, A."Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 24.2 (2021): 611.
Chicago
Nadalin, S., Jakovac, H., Peitl, V., Karlović, D., Buretić‑Tomljanović, A."Dysregulated inflammation may predispose patients with serious mental illnesses to severe COVID‑19 (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 24, no. 2 (2021): 611. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.12250