Open Access

Macrophages polarization in renal inflammation and fibrosis animal models (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Ji Zeng
    • Yuan Zhang
    • Cheng Huang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 20, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2023.13152
  • Article Number: 29
  • Copyright: © Zeng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health concern. Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway in the progression of kidney diseases, irrespective of the initial injury. Substantial evidence underscores the pivotal role of renal inflammation in the genesis of renal fibrosis. The presence of macrophages within normal renal tissue is significantly increased within diseased renal tissue, indicative of their crucial regulatory function in inflammation and fibrosis. Macrophages manifest a high degree of heterogeneity, exhibiting distinct phenotypic and functional traits in response to diverse stimuli within the local microenvironment in various types of kidney diseases. Broadly, macrophages are categorized into two principal groups: Classically activated, designated as M1 macrophages and alternatively activated, designated as M2 macrophages. A number of experimental models are widely used to study the underlying mechanisms driving renal inflammation and fibrosis progression. The present review delineated the phenotypic and functional attributes of macrophages present in diverse induced models, analyzing their disposition in relation to M1 and M2 polarization states.
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February-2024
Volume 29 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
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Spandidos Publications style
Zeng J, Zhang Y and Huang C: Macrophages polarization in renal inflammation and fibrosis animal models (Review). Mol Med Rep 29: 29, 2024.
APA
Zeng, J., Zhang, Y., & Huang, C. (2024). Macrophages polarization in renal inflammation and fibrosis animal models (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 29, 29. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2023.13152
MLA
Zeng, J., Zhang, Y., Huang, C."Macrophages polarization in renal inflammation and fibrosis animal models (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 29.2 (2024): 29.
Chicago
Zeng, J., Zhang, Y., Huang, C."Macrophages polarization in renal inflammation and fibrosis animal models (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 29, no. 2 (2024): 29. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2023.13152