Open Access

Integrin β2 regulates titanium particle‑induced inflammation in macrophages: In vitro aseptic loosening model

  • Authors:
    • Yue Shen
    • Haruna Nakajima
    • Junfeng Zhu
    • Weigang Wu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 11, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13390
  • Article Number: 25
  • Copyright: © Shen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Aseptic loosening is a major complication of joint replacement surgery, characterized by periprosthetic osteolysis and chronic inflammation at the bone‑implant interface. Cells release chemokines, cytokines and other pro‑inflammatory substances that perpetuate inflammation reactions, while other particle‑stimulated macrophages promote osteoclastic bone resorption and impair bone formation. The present study investigated integrin and inflammatory cytokine expression patterns in RAW 264.7 cells treated with titanium (Ti) particles to elucidate the role of integrins in Ti particle‑mediated inflammatory osteolysis. Assessment was performed by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting, confocal immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays. Cell migration was evaluated by wound healing assay. It was found that Ti particles significantly induced integrin expression in RAW 264.7 cells, including upregulation of integrins β2 (CD18), aL (CD11a), aM (CD11b) and aX (CD11c). Ti particles also enhanced the expression of Toll‑like receptors (TLRs; TLR1, TLR2, TLR3 and TLR4) and triggered the release of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑8 and IL‑12. Proteomics showed higher expression and activity levels of TLR2 and TLR4, along with their downstream signaling adaptors myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) and Mal/TIR‑domain‑containing adapter protein (TIRAP), following Ti treatment. Additionally, Ti treatment significantly enhanced the migration rate of RAW 264.7 cells. The present findings indicated that Ti particles regulate the inflammatory response of RAW 264.7 cells in an in vitro aseptic loosening model by activating the TLR/TIRAP/MyD88 signaling pathway.
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January-2025
Volume 31 Issue 1

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Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Shen Y, Nakajima H, Zhu J and Wu W: Integrin &beta;2 regulates titanium particle‑induced inflammation in macrophages: <em>In vitro</em> aseptic loosening model. Mol Med Rep 31: 25, 2025.
APA
Shen, Y., Nakajima, H., Zhu, J., & Wu, W. (2025). Integrin &beta;2 regulates titanium particle‑induced inflammation in macrophages: <em>In vitro</em> aseptic loosening model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 31, 25. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13390
MLA
Shen, Y., Nakajima, H., Zhu, J., Wu, W."Integrin &beta;2 regulates titanium particle‑induced inflammation in macrophages: <em>In vitro</em> aseptic loosening model". Molecular Medicine Reports 31.1 (2025): 25.
Chicago
Shen, Y., Nakajima, H., Zhu, J., Wu, W."Integrin &beta;2 regulates titanium particle‑induced inflammation in macrophages: <em>In vitro</em> aseptic loosening model". Molecular Medicine Reports 31, no. 1 (2025): 25. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2024.13390