Progress of cancer research on astrocyte elevated gene‑1/Metadherin (Review)

Huang,Yong; Li,Le‑Ping

doi:10.3892/ol.2014.2231

Progress of cancer research on astrocyte elevated gene‑1/Metadherin (Review)

Authors:
- Yong Huang
- Le‑Ping Li
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Affiliations: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
Published online on: June 5, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2014.2231
Pages: 493-501

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Abstract

Tumor development is initiated by an accumulation of numerous genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote tumor initiation, invasion and metastasis. Astrocyte elevated gene‑1 [AEG‑1; also known as Metadherin (MTDH) and Lysine‑rich CEACAM1 co‑isolated (LYRIC)] has emerged in recent years as a potentially crucial mediator of tumor malignancy, and a key converging point of a complex network of oncogenic signaling pathways. AEG‑1/MTDH has a multifunctional role in tumor development that has been found to be involved in the following signaling cascades: i) The Ha‑Ras and PI3K/Akt pathways; ii) the nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway; iii) the ERK/mitogen‑activated protein kinase and Wnt/β‑catenin pathways; and iv) the Aurora‑A kinase signaling pathway. Studies have established that AEG‑1/MTDH is crucial in tumor progression, including transformation, the evasion of apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. In addition, recent clinical studies have convincingly associated AEG‑1/MTDH with tumor progression and poor prognosis in a number of cancer types, including hepatocellular, esophageal squamous cell, gallbladder and renal cell carcinomas, breast, non‑small cell lung, prostate, gastric and colorectal cancers, and glioma, melanoma, neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. AEG‑1/MTDH may be used as a biomarker to identify subgroups of patients who require more intensive treatments and who are likely to benefit from AEG‑1/MTDH‑targeted therapies. The therapeutic targeting of AEG‑1/MTDH may simultaneously block metastasis, suppress tumor growth and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments.

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