An examination of co-infection in acute gastroenteritis and histo-blood group antigens leading to viral infection susceptibility

Furuya,Kenta; Nakajima,Hitoshi; Sasaki,Yousuke; Urita,Yoshihisa

doi:10.3892/br.2016.585

An examination of co-infection in acute gastroenteritis and histo-blood group antigens leading to viral infection susceptibility

Authors:
- Kenta Furuya
- Hitoshi Nakajima
- Yousuke Sasaki
- Yoshihisa Urita
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Affiliations: Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care, Toho University School of Medicine, Omori Hospital, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
Published online on: January 27, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2016.585
Pages: 331-334

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate co‑infection in the gastrointestinal tract in terms of viruses, bacteria and the ABO blood group. We hypothesized that a combination of norovirus (NV) and bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract could affect the likelihood of an individual to contracting NV. Histo‑blood group antigens (HBGAs) are considered to act as receptors that can lead to NV susceptibility. In addition to genetics, co‑infection in the gastrointestinal tract may be associated with this mechanism. A total of 370 patients with acute gastroenteritis presenting with diarrhea (14‑89 years) were recruited. The male/female ratio was 20/17. Single infection (bacteria or virus), co‑infection with two viruses, and co‑infection with one virus and one bacterium were statistically analyzed. In total, 88 of the 376 subjects (23.4%) were positive for one virus, and 50 (13.3%) were positive for one bacterium. Co‑transfection with bacteria and a virus were detected in 46 (47.9%) of the 96 bacterial gastroenteritis cases. Statistical analysis revealed that co‑infection of bacteria and NV was not significant in all viral infections (P=0.768). In terms of the ABO histo‑blood group type and NV infection, the frequency in the O type was not significantly increased (P=0.052). Co‑infection of bacteria and a virus occurred frequently in the gastrointestinal tract. The ABO blood phenotype expression was not a significant factor in NV infection in the present case series and the results did not suggest an affinity of NV for specific bacteria.

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