Effect of Achillea wilhelmsii extract on expression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA in the PC3 prostate cancer cell line

Ashtiani,Mojtaba; Nabatchian,Fariba; Galavi,Hamid  Reza; Saravani,Ramin; Farajian‑Mashhadi,Farzaneh; Salimi,Saeedeh

doi:10.3892/br.2017.956

Effect of Achillea wilhelmsii extract on expression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA in the PC3 prostate cancer cell line

Authors:
- Mojtaba Ashtiani
- Fariba Nabatchian
- Hamid Reza Galavi
- Ramin Saravani
- Farzaneh Farajian‑Mashhadi
- Saeedeh Salimi
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Affiliations: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran
Published online on: July 31, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2017.956
Pages: 251-256

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Abstract

Evidence has indicated that human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) was overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa). Achillea wilhelmsii (AW) is a plant that has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. The aim of current study was to evaluate the effects of AW extract on a PCa cell line. The cytotoxic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of AW was studied on the PCa PC3 cell line using MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the effects of the extract on the apoptosis. The expression of hTERT mRNA was analyzed by the reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. The ELISA method was used to measure the levels of telomerase enzyme. The hydroalcoholic AW extract demonstrated the appropriate inhibitory effect in 150 µg/ml concentration (IC50) on PC3 cell line following 48 h treatment. Treatment of the PC3 cells with AW resulted in a significant increase in early and late apoptotic cells and a decrease in live cells (P<0.001), in a dose‑dependent manner. Moreover, the early apoptotic cells were significantly higher than late apoptotic cells. The hTERT mRNA expression was decreased following 24 h treatment of AW extract, although it was not different between 2, 4, 8 and 12 h treatments or 24, 48 and 72 h treatments. In addition, the hTERT concentration was significantly decreased following 24 h treatment of AW extract with the marginal P‑value. There was no significant difference regarding hTERT concentration between 2, 4, 8 and 12 h treatments or 24, 48 and 72 h treatments. The hydroalcoholic extract of AW induced potent antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in PC3 cell line, which could be explainable by its high potency to inhibit expression of the prominent oncogene hTERT in PCa. Therefore, targeting telomerase represents a promising strategy for PCa therapy, and AW may have considerable potential for development as a novel natural anticancer agent.

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