Open Access

Bone mineral density in osseointegration implant surgery: A review of current studies (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Joshua C. Carr
    • Sai Pranitha Pedagandham
    • Amelia Giugni
    • Christina Shen
    • Alice M. Kim
    • Elise M. Cribbin
    • Xiaoqi Lin
    • Atiya Oomatia
    • William Lu
    • Munjed Al Muderis
    • Dan Xing
    • Jiao Jiao Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 19, 2024     https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1809
  • Article Number: 122
  • Copyright: © Carr et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Osseointegration implant (OI) surgery is the latest rehabilitation technology for amputees, where a bone‑anchored implant obviates the limitations of traditional socket prostheses. The bone mineral density (BMD) in the periprosthetic and other anatomical regions can be used to assess bone remodelling following OI surgery. Currently, limited studies have used BMD measurements in reporting post‑operative OI outcomes and the association between the maintenance of BMD and implant efficacy has remained elusive. This review captured and analysed all studies that have reported the BMD as an objective outcome measure in patients with trans‑femoral or trans‑tibial OI. The PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched using the terms ‘amputation’, ‘osseointegration’ and ‘bone mineral density’. A total of 6 studies involving human participants were included for analysis. All studies used dual X‑ray absorptiometry and/or X‑rays for measuring BMD. Rehabilitation of trans‑femoral or trans‑tibial amputation using OI may help restore healthy BMD by enabling physiological bone loading. However, there is a low correlation between the BMD around the OI and the success of OI surgery or the risk of periprosthetic fractures. This review summarises the current evidence on BMD assessment in OI for lower limb amputee rehabilitation. Despite the great variability in the results, the available evidence suggests that OI may help restore BMD following surgery. The limited evidence calls for further investigation, as well as the development of a standard BMD measurement protocol.
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August-2024
Volume 21 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 2049-9434
Online ISSN:2049-9442

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Carr JC, Pedagandham S, Giugni A, Shen C, Kim AM, Cribbin EM, Lin X, Oomatia A, Lu W, Al Muderis M, Al Muderis M, et al: Bone mineral density in osseointegration implant surgery: A review of current studies (Review). Biomed Rep 21: 122, 2024
APA
Carr, J.C., Pedagandham, S., Giugni, A., Shen, C., Kim, A.M., Cribbin, E.M. ... Li, J. (2024). Bone mineral density in osseointegration implant surgery: A review of current studies (Review). Biomedical Reports, 21, 122. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1809
MLA
Carr, J. C., Pedagandham, S., Giugni, A., Shen, C., Kim, A. M., Cribbin, E. M., Lin, X., Oomatia, A., Lu, W., Al Muderis, M., Xing, D., Li, J."Bone mineral density in osseointegration implant surgery: A review of current studies (Review)". Biomedical Reports 21.2 (2024): 122.
Chicago
Carr, J. C., Pedagandham, S., Giugni, A., Shen, C., Kim, A. M., Cribbin, E. M., Lin, X., Oomatia, A., Lu, W., Al Muderis, M., Xing, D., Li, J."Bone mineral density in osseointegration implant surgery: A review of current studies (Review)". Biomedical Reports 21, no. 2 (2024): 122. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2024.1809