Open Access

Anticancer effects of valproic acid on oral squamous cell carcinoma via SUMOylation in vivo and in vitro

  • Authors:
    • Zhijian Sang
    • Yang Sun
    • Hong Ruan
    • Yong Cheng
    • Xiaojun Ding
    • Youcheng Yu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 15, 2016     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3907
  • Pages: 3979-3987
  • Copyright: © Sang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Aberrant histone deacetylase (HDAC) has a key role in the neoplastic process associated with the epigenetic patterns of tumor‑related genes. The present study was performed to investigate the effects and determine the mechanism of action of the HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA), on the CAL27 cell line derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The effects of VPA on the viability of CAL27 cells were investigated using MTT assays. Alterations in the cell cycle and apoptosis were also examined using propidium iodide (PI) and Annexin V‑PI assays, and were subequently analyzed by flow cytometry. Small ubiquitin‑related modifier (SUMO)‑related genes were evaluated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. In addition, the effects of VPA were assessed using a xenograft model in vivo. The present results demonstrated significant dose‑dependent inhibition of cell viability following VPA treatment. Treatment with VPA increased the distribution of CAL27 cells in the G1 phase and reduced cells in the S phase, and significantly increased the expression levels of SUMO1 and SUMO2 (P<0.01). Using a xenograft model, the mean tumor volume in VPA‑treated animals was demonstrated to be significantly reduced, and the rate of apoptosis was significantly increased, as compared with the control animals. These results suggested that VPA may regulate SUMOylation, producing an anticancer effect in vivo. Further investigation into the role of VPA in tumorigenesis may identify novel therapeutic targets for OSCC.
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December-2016
Volume 12 Issue 6

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Sang Z, Sun Y, Ruan H, Cheng Y, Ding X and Yu Y: Anticancer effects of valproic acid on oral squamous cell carcinoma via SUMOylation in vivo and in vitro. Exp Ther Med 12: 3979-3987, 2016.
APA
Sang, Z., Sun, Y., Ruan, H., Cheng, Y., Ding, X., & Yu, Y. (2016). Anticancer effects of valproic acid on oral squamous cell carcinoma via SUMOylation in vivo and in vitro. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 12, 3979-3987. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3907
MLA
Sang, Z., Sun, Y., Ruan, H., Cheng, Y., Ding, X., Yu, Y."Anticancer effects of valproic acid on oral squamous cell carcinoma via SUMOylation in vivo and in vitro". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12.6 (2016): 3979-3987.
Chicago
Sang, Z., Sun, Y., Ruan, H., Cheng, Y., Ding, X., Yu, Y."Anticancer effects of valproic acid on oral squamous cell carcinoma via SUMOylation in vivo and in vitro". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 12, no. 6 (2016): 3979-3987. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3907